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=== November–December === {{Main|November 1923|December 1923}} * [[November 1]] ** The Finnish flag carrier airline [[Finnair]] is started, as Aero oy. ** The [[1923 Victorian Police strike]] begins in Australia, with half of the [[Victoria Police]] force standing down over the use of labor spies. Rioting and looting take place in [[Melbourne]] city centre.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://museumvictoria.com.au/marvellous/contrasts/protest.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413182421/http://museumvictoria.com.au/marvellous/contrasts/protest.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 13, 2008|title=1923 Police Strike|work=Marvellous Melbourne|publisher=[[Museum Victoria]]|access-date=February 19, 2018}}</ref> * [[November 8]] – [[Beer Hall Putsch]]: In [[Munich]], [[Adolf Hitler]] leads the [[Nazism|Nazis]] in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day in one of several significant events on [[9 November in German history]]. 20 people die as a result of associated violence. * [[November 11]] – [[Adolf Hitler]] is arrested for his leading role in the [[Beer Hall Putsch]]. * [[November 12]] – Her Highness [[Princess Maud, Countess of Southesk|Princess Maud of Fife]] marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie, in Wellington Barracks, London. * [[November 15]] – [[Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic]]: [[Hyperinflation]] in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 [[German Papiermark|Papiermark]]<ref>{{cite web|first=Stephen|last=Tonge|title=Weimar Germany 1919–1933|work=A Web of English History|url=http://www.historyhome.co.uk/europe/weimar.htm|access-date=March 14, 2012}}</ref> (4.2 trillion on the [[short scale]]). [[Gustav Stresemann]] abolishes the old currency and replaces it with the [[Rentenmark]], at an exchange rate of one Rentenmark to 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion on the short scale) Papiermark (effective November 20). * [[November 23]] – [[Gustav Stresemann]]'s coalition government collapses in Germany. * [[December 1]] – In [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]], the [[Gleno Dam]] on the Gleno River, in the Valle di Scalve in the northern province of Bergamo bursts, killing at least 356 people. * [[December 6]] ** [[1923 United Kingdom general election]]: The governing [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]] under [[Stanley Baldwin]] are reduced to a minority status, with the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour party]] gaining second party status. ** [[Calvin Coolidge]] addresses the [[68th United States Congress|United States Congress]] in the first [[Radio broadcasting|radio broadcast]] from a [[President of the United States|President of the U.S.]] * [[December 21]] – The [[Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923|Nepal–Britain Treaty]] is the first to define the international status of [[Nepal]] as an independent sovereign country. * [[December 27]] – [[Toranomon Incident]]: In [[Tokyo]], [[Hirohito|Crown Prince Hirohito]] of [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] survives an assassination attempt by [[communist]] student [[Daisuke Nanba]]. * [[December 29]] – [[Vladimir K. Zworykin]] files his first [[patent]] (in the United States) for "television systems".
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