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== Births == === January–February === [[File:52 HatoyamaI.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ichirō Hatoyama]]]] [[File:Clement Attlee.png|thumb|100px|[[Clement Attlee]]]] [[File:ANTolstoy.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy]]]] [[File:Karl Jaspers 1946.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Karl Jaspers]]]] * [[January 1]] – [[Ichirō Hatoyama]], [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (d. [[1959]]) * [[January 3]] – [[Clement Attlee]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1967]]) * [[January 4]] – [[Johanna Westerdijk]], Dutch plant pathologist (d. [[1961]]) * [[January 5]] – [[Döme Sztójay]], [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (d. [[1946]]) * [[January 6]] – [[Kahlil Gibran]], Lebanese poet, painter and novelist (d. [[1931]]) * [[January 10]] ** [[Francis X. Bushman]], American screen actor (d. [[1966]]) ** [[Hubert Latham]], pioneer French aviator of the pre-[[World War I]] era (d. [[1912]]) ** [[Florence Reed]], American actress (d. [[1967]]) ** [[Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy]], Russian writer (d. [[1945]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Stanley Hochman|title=McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes|publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=1984|page=31}}</ref> * [[January 16]] – [[Oswald Short]], English aircraft manufacturer (d. [[1969]]) * [[January 19]] – [[Waite Phillips]], American businessman, philanthropist (d. [[1964]] * [[January 20]] – [[Bertram Ramsay]], British admiral (d. [[1945]])<ref>{{Cite ODNB|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-35661|title=Ramsay, Sir Bertram Home (1883–1945), naval officer|last=Farrell|first=Brian P.|date=19 May 2011|language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/35661|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref> * [[February 8]] – [[Joseph Schumpeter]], Austrian economist (d. [[1950]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last= Humphrey |first= Thomas M. |editor-first=Ronald |editor-last=Hamowy |editor-link=Ronald Hamowy |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism |title=Schumpeter, Joseph (1893–1950) |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC |year=2008 |publisher=SAGE Publications; Cato Institute |location= Thousand Oaks, CA |doi= 10.4135/9781412965811.n276|isbn= 978-1412965804 |oclc=750831024| lccn = 2008009151 |pages=452–455 |chapter= Schumpeter, Joseph (1883–1950) }}</ref> * [[February 15]] – [[Sax Rohmer]], English author (d. [[1959]]) * [[February 16]] – [[Koshirō Oikawa]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1958]]) * [[February 22]] ** [[Abe Attell]], American boxer (d. [[1970]]) ** [[Marguerite Clark]], American silent film actress (d. [[1940]]) * [[February 23]] – [[Karl Jaspers]], German philosopher (d. [[1969]]) * [[February 28]] – [[Gheorghe Argeșanu]], Romanian general and politician, 40th [[Prime Minister of Romania]] (d. [[1940]]) === March–April === [[File:Maude Fealy 4.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Maude Fealy]]]] [[File:Stanley Bruce 1930.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Stanley Bruce]]]] * [[March 2]] – [[Nikos Kazantzakis]], Greek writer (d. [[1957]]) * [[March 3]] – [[Cyril Burt]], British educational psychologist (d. [[1971]]) * [[March 4]] ** [[Sam Langford]], Canadian boxer (d. [[1956]]) ** [[Maude Fealy]], American actress (d. [[1971]]) * [[March 7]] – [[Michael Somogyi]], Hungarian-American biochemist (d. [[1971]]) * [[March 19]] ** [[Norman Haworth]], British chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1950]]) ** [[Joseph Stilwell]], American general (d. [[1946]]) * [[March 24]] – [[Dorothy Campbell]], Scottish golfer (d. [[1945]]) * [[April 1]] **[[Laurette Taylor]], American actress (d. [[1946]]) **[[Lon Chaney]], American actor (d. [[1930]]) * [[April 3]] – [[Henry Diesen]], Norwegian admiral (d. [[1953]]) * [[April 5]] – [[Walter Huston]], Canadian-born American actor (d. [[1950]]) * [[April 11]] – [[Leonard Mudie]], English actor (d. [[1965]]) * [[April 12]] – [[Dally Messenger]], Australian rugby league player (d. [[1959]]) * [[April 15]] – [[Stanley Bruce]], 8th [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1967]]) * [[April 25]] – [[Semyon Budyonny]], Cossack cavalryman, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. [[1973]]) * [[April 30]] – [[Jaroslav Hašek]], Czech writer (d. [[1923]])<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/501greatwritersc0000unse/page/287/mode/1up | isbn=9781845433109 | title=501 great writers : A comprehensive guide to the giants of literature | year=2009 | last1=Patrick | first1=Julian | publisher=Apple |page=287}}</ref> === May–June === [[File:Eleazar_L%C3%B3pez_Contreras.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Eleazar López Contreras]]]] [[File:JoseOrtegayGasset.jpg|thumb|100px|[[José Ortega y Gasset]]]] [[File:Mahmut Celâl Bayar.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Celâl Bayar]]]] [[File:WalterGropius-1919.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Walter Gropius]]]] [[File:GASPARDUTRA.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Eurico Gaspar Dutra]]]] [[File:Douglas Fairbanks Sr. - Private Life of Don Juan.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Douglas Fairbanks]]]] [[File:Hess.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Victor Franz Hess]]]] [[File:Pierre Laval a Meurisse 1931.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Pierre Laval]]]] * [[May 1]] – [[Thomas J. Moore|Tom Moore]], Irish-American actor (d. [[1955]]) * [[May 5]] ** [[Eleazar López Contreras]], 32nd [[President of Venezuela]] (d. [[1973]]) ** [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell]], British field marshal (d. [[1950]]) * [[May 9]] – [[José Ortega y Gasset]], Spanish philosopher (d. [[1955]]) * [[May 10]] – [[Eugen Leviné]], Communist leader of the [[Munich Soviet Republic]] (d. [[1919]]) * [[May 16]] ** [[Celâl Bayar]], Turkish politician, statesman, 3rd President of Turkey (d. [[1986]]) ** [[Solomone Ula Ata]], Prime Minister of Tonga (d. [[1950]]) * [[May 18]] ** [[Walter Gropius]], German architect (d. [[1969]]) ** [[Hasui Kawase]], Japanese painter, printmaker (d. [[1957]]) ** [[Eurico Gaspar Dutra]], Brazilian marshal, 16th [[President of Brazil]] (d. [[1974]]) * [[May 23]] – [[Douglas Fairbanks]], American actor (d. [[1939]]) * [[May 24]] – [[Elsa Maxwell]], American gossip columnist, international party giver (d. [[1963]]) * [[May 25]] – [[Lesley J. McNair]], American general (d. [[1944]]) * [[May 27]] – [[Jessie Arms Botke]], American artist (d. [[1971]]) * [[May 28]] – [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]], Indian pro-independence activist, Hindu nationalist (d. [[1966]]) * [[May 31]] – [[Lauri Kristian Relander]], [[President of Finland]] (d. [[1942]]) * [[June 5]] ** [[John Maynard Keynes]], English economist (d. [[1946]]) ** [[Mary Helen Young]], Scottish nurse and resistance fighter during World War II (died [[1945]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Young, Mary Helen (1883–1945), nurse and resistance worker |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-73212 | year=2004 |access-date=24 August 2022 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/73212| isbn=978-0-19-861412-8 | last1=Watson | first1=Fiona R. }}</ref> * [[June 7]] – [[Sylvanus Morley]], American scholar, World War I spy (d. [[1948]]) * [[June 11]] – [[Aubrey Fitch]], American admiral (d. [[1978]]) * [[June 18]] – [[Mary Alden]], American stage, screen actress (d. [[1946]]) * [[June 20]] – [[Royal E. Ingersoll]], American admiral (d. [[1976]]) * [[June 24]] – [[Victor Francis Hess]], Austrian-born American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1964]]) * [[June 28]] – [[Pierre Laval]], [[Prime Minister of France]] (d. [[1945]]) * [[June 29]] – [[Lothrop Stoddard]], American [[Eugenics|eugenicist]], radical scientific racist (d. [[1950]]) === July–August === [[File:Kafka1906.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Franz Kafka]]]] [[File:MaxFleischerPDUS.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Max Fleischer]]]] [[File:Mussolini mezzobusto.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Benito Mussolini]]]] [[File:Coco Chanel, 1920.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Coco Chanel]]]] * [[July 1]] – [[István Friedrich]], 24th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. [[1951]]) * [[July 3]] – [[Franz Kafka]], Austrian writer (d. [[1924]]) * [[July 4]] – [[Rube Goldberg]], American cartoonist (d. [[1970]]) * [[July 6]] – [[Godfrey Huggins]], English-born Rhodesian politician and physician, [[Prime Minister of Rhodesia]] (d. [[1971]]) * [[July 10]] – [[Johannes Blaskowitz]], German general (d. [[1948]]) * [[July 13]] – [[Jack Reagan]], American salesman (d. [[1941]]) * [[July 16]] – [[Charles Sheeler]], American photographer, artist (d. [[1965]]) * [[July 19]] ** [[Max Fleischer]], Austrian animator, film producer ([[Betty Boop]]) (d. [[1972]]) ** [[Beatrice Forbes, Countess of Granard]], American-born heiress (d. [[1972]]) * [[July 20]] – [[Catherine Bramwell-Booth]], English Salvation Army officer (d. [[1987]]) * [[July 23]] **[[Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke]], British field marshal (d. [[1963]]) **[[Ubaldo Soddu]], Italian general (d. [[1949]])<ref>[http://www.generals.dk/general/Soddu/Ubaldo/Italy.html Ubaldo Soddu] on [http://www.generals.dkGenerals], Access date 24 February 2020</ref> ** [[Oscar Westover]], United States Army Air Corps general (d. [[1938]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7562 |title=Official US Air Force biography |access-date=December 12, 2022 |archive-date=December 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121212041508/http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7562 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[July 25]] – [[Alfredo Casella]], Italian composer (d. [[1947]]) * [[July 26]] – [[Edwin Balmer]], American science fiction, mystery writer (d. [[1959]]) * [[July 29]] ** [[Henry Robertson Bowers]], Scottish polar explorer (d. [[1912]]) ** [[Benito Mussolini]], dictator of Italy (d. [[1945]]) * [[July 31]] – [[Ramón Fonst]], Cuban fencer (d. 1959) * [[August 2]] – [[Aurelio Mosquera]], Ecuadorian politician, 25th [[President of Ecuador]] (d. [[1939]]) * [[August 6]] – [[Scott Nearing]], American political activist, economist, and simple living advocate (d. [[1983]]) * [[August 9]] – [[Chester Gillette]], American murderer (d. [[1908]]) * [[August 12]] **[[Pauline Frederick]], American stage, screen actress (d. [[1938]]) **[[Marion Lorne]], American film, stage and television actress (d. [[1968]]) * [[August 15]] – [[Ivan Meštrović]], Croatian sculptor and architect (d. [[1962]]) * [[August 19]] ** [[Coco Chanel]], French fashion designer (d. [[1971]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Coco Chanel {{!}} Biography, Fashion, Designs, Perfume, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Coco-Chanel |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=19 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ** [[Elsie Ferguson]], American actress (d. [[1961]]) ** [[José Mendes Cabeçadas]], 9th President of Portugal and 94th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. [[1965]]) ** [[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]], 24th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. [[1954]]) * [[August 23]] ** [[Jesse Pennington]], English footballer (d. [[1970]]) ** [[Jonathan M. Wainwright (general)|Jonathan M. Wainwright]], American general (d. [[1953]]) * [[August 30]] – [[Theo van Doesburg]], Dutch artist, painter, architect, and poet (d. [[1931]]) === September–October === [[File:Mel Sheppard.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mel Sheppard]]]] [[File:Otto Warburg.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Otto Heinrich Warburg]]]] * [[September 2]] – [[Rudolf Weigl]], Polish biologist (d. [[1957]]) * [[September 5]] – [[Mel Sheppard]], American Olympic athlete (d. [[1942]]) * [[September 13]] – [[August Zaleski]], 6th [[President of Poland]] (d. [[1972]]) * [[September 15]] – [[Esteban Terradas i Illa]], Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (d. [[1950]]) * [[September 28]] – [[Berta Pīpiņa]], Latvian politician (d. [[1942]]) * [[October 2]] – [[Karl von Terzaghi]], Austrian civil engineer and "father of soil mechanics" (d. [[1963]]) * [[October 5]] – [[Joseph Hubert Priestley]], British botanist (d. [[1944]])<ref name="Who's Who 1944">{{Cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=1944 |title=Who's Who |publisher=[[Macmillan Inc.|Macmillan Publishers]] |edition=96th |page=2239 |location=New York |language=en |oclc=49208358 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.151804/page/n2333 |access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref> * [[October 8]] – [[Otto Heinrich Warburg]], German physician and physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1970]]) * [[October 15]] – [[Robert L. Ghormley]], American admiral (d. [[1958]]) * [[October 26]] – [[Paul Pilgrim]], American athlete (d. [[1958]]) * [[October 30]] – [[Bob Jones Sr.]], American evangelist, religious broadcaster, and founder of [[Bob Jones University]] (d. [[1968]]) * [[October 31]] – [[Anthony Wilding]], New Zealand tennis player (d. [[1915]]) === November–December === [[File:Diego Martinez Barrio.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Diego Martínez Barrio]]]] * [[November 4]] – [[Nikolaos Plastiras]], Greek general and politician (d. [[1953]]) * [[November 8]] – [[Arnold Bax]], English composer (d. [[1953]]) * [[November 9]] – [[Edna May Oliver]], American stage and film character actress (d. [[1942]]) * [[November 11]] – [[Ernest Ansermet]], Swiss conductor (d. [[1969]]) * [[November 14]] – [[Ado Birk]], 3rd Prime Minister of Estonia (d. [[1942]]) * [[November 18]] ** [[Carl Vinson]], U.S. congressman (d. [[1981]]) ** [[Alf Bjørnskau Bastiansen]], Norwegian priest and politician (d. [[1965]]) * [[November 25]] ** [[Harvey Spencer Lewis]], American occultist (b. [[1939]]) ** [[Diego Martínez Barrio]], Spanish politician, 2-time [[Prime Minister of Spain]] (d. [[1962]]) * [[November 26]] – [[Belle da Costa Greene]], American librarian, bibliographer, and archivist (d. [[1950]]) * [[November 29]] ** [[Lev Galler]], Soviet admiral (d. [[1950]]) ** [[Max Horton]], British admiral (d. [[1951]]) * [[December 3]] – [[Anton Webern]], Austrian composer (d. [[1945]]) * [[December 9]] ** [[Alexander Papagos]], Prime Minister of Greece (d. [[1955]]) ** [[Joseph Pilates]], German physical culturist and developer of [[Pilates]] (d. [[1967]]) * [[December 10]] – [[Giovanni Messe]], Italian field marshal and politician (d. [[1968]]) * [[December 12]] – [[Maxey Dell Moody]], American businessman and founder of [[M. D. Moody & Sons, Inc.]] (d. [[1949]]) * [[December 14]] – [[Morihei Ueshiba]], Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (d. [[1969]]) * [[December 16]] – [[Max Linder]], French actor (d. [[1925]]) * [[December 22]] – [[Edgard Varèse]], French composer (d. [[1965]]) * [[December 25]] – [[Hugo Bergmann]], German and Israeli Jewish philosopher (d. [[1975]]) * [[December 26]] – [[Maurice Utrillo]], French artist and illustrator (d. [[1955]]) * [[December 28]] – [[Lloyd Fredendall]], American general (d. [[1963]]) * [[December 29]] – [[Forrest Taylor]], American stage, film and television actor (d. [[1965]]) === Date unknown === * [[Lotte Herrlich]], German photographer (d. [[1956]]) * [[Constantin Noe]], Megleno-Romanian editor and professor (d. [[1939]])<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.academia.edu/5573680|title=Aromâni, meglenoromâni, istroromâni: aspecte identitare și culturale|first1=Adina|last1=Berciu Drăghicescu|first2=Lozovanu|last2=Dorin|first3=Coman|last3=Virgil|publisher=Editura Universității din București|year=2012|language=ro|isbn=9786061601486}}</ref> * [[Ali Ahmad Khan]], Afghan politician and emir (d. [[1929]]) * [[Ernest Spybuck]], Native American artist (d. [[1949]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=SP017|title=SPYBUCK, ERNEST (1883–1949) |work=Digital.library.okstate.edu |publisher=Oklahoma State University|access-date=2010-08-30}}</ref> * [[Trần Trọng Kim]], Vietnamese historian and Prime Minister of the [[Empire of Vietnam]] (d. [[1953]])
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