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== Births == === January–June === [[File:John Ruskin 1863.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[John Ruskin]]]] [[File:Queen Victoria by Bassano.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Queen Victoria]]]] [[File:Jacques Offenbach by Nadar.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Jacques Offenbach]]]] * [[January 1]] – [[Arthur Hugh Clough]], English poet (d. [[1861]]) * [[January 6]] – [[Baldassare Verazzi]], Italian painter (d. [[1886]]) * [[January 7]] – [[Theresa Pulszky]], European author (d. [[1866]]) * [[January 9]] – [[William Powell Frith]], English painter (d. [[1909]]) * [[February 8]] **[[Sidonija Rubido]], Croatian singer (d. [[1884]]) **[[John Ruskin]], English writer, artist, and social critic (d. [[1900]]) * [[February 11]] – [[Samuel Parkman Tuckerman]], American composer (d. [[1890]]) * [[February 14]] – [[Christopher Latham Sholes]], American inventor (d. [[1890]]) * [[February 20]] – [[Alfred Escher]], Swiss politician, railroad entrepreneur (d. [[1882]]) * [[February 22]] – [[James Russell Lowell]], American poet, essayist (d. [[1891]]) * [[March 3]] – [[Gustave de Molinari]], Belgian economist (d. [[1912]]) * [[March 14]] – [[Erik Edlund]], Swedish physicist, meteorologist (d. [[1888]]) * [[March 26]] – [[Louise Otto-Peters]], German women's rights movement activist (d. [[1895]]) * [[March 31]] – [[Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]], [[Chancellor of Germany#Under the Emperor (1871–1918)|Chancellor of Germany]] (d. [[1901]]) * [[April 4]] – Queen [[Maria II of Portugal]] (d. [[1853]]) * [[April 11]] – [[Charles Hallé]], German pianist, conductor (d. [[1895]]) * [[April 18]] **[[Carlos Manuel de Céspedes]], Cuban revolutionary hero (d. [[1874]]) **[[Franz von Suppé]], Austrian composer (d. [[1895]]) * [[April 23]] – [[Edward Stafford (politician)|Edward Stafford]], Scottish-New Zealand educator and politician, 3rd [[Prime Minister of New Zealand]] (d. [[1901]]) * [[April 28]] – [[Ezra Abbot]], American Biblical scholar (d. [[1884]]) * [[May 5]] – [[Stanisław Moniuszko]], Polish composer (d. [[1872]]) * [[May 24]] – [[Queen Victoria]] of the United Kingdom (d. [[1901]]) * [[May 27]] ** [[George V of Hanover]] (d. [[1878]]) ** [[Julia Ward Howe]], American [[Abolitionism in the United States|abolitionist]] and poet (d. [[1910]]) * [[May 31]] ** [[Walt Whitman]], American poet (d. [[1892]])<ref>[[James E. Miller|Miller, James E.]] ''Walt Whitman''. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc. 1962. Page 17</ref> ** [[William Worrall Mayo]], English-American physician, chemist (d. [[1911]]) * [[June 5]] – [[John Couch Adams]], English astronomer (d. [[1892]]) * [[June 10]] – [[Gustave Courbet]], French painter (d. [[1877]]) * [[June 12]] – [[Charles Kingsley]], English clergyman, historian, and novelist (d. [[1875]])<ref>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Kingsley, Charles |volume=15 |page=817 |noprescript=1}}</ref> * [[June 20]] – [[Jacques Offenbach]], German-born French composer (d. [[1880]]) * [[June 29]] – [[Nicolae Bălcescu]], Wallachian revolutionary (d. [[1852]]) === July–December === [[File:Clara Schumann 1878.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Clara Schumann]]]] [[File:Foucault.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Léon Foucault]]]] [[File:Kurzbio fontane05.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Theodor Fontane]]]] * [[July 8]] – [[Francis Leopold McClintock]], Irish explorer and admiral in British Royal Navy (d. [[1907]]) * [[July 9]] – [[Elias Howe]], American inventor, [[sewing machine]] pioneer (d. [[1867]]) * [[July 19]] – [[Gottfried Keller]], Swiss writer (d. [[1890]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/gottfried-keller-at-200-an-enduring-literary-legacy/a-49652919|title=Gottfried Keller at 200: An enduring literary legacy|author=Jochen Kurten|date=19 July 2019|website=DW.com|access-date=3 July 2023}}</ref> * [[July 26]] – [[Justin Holland]], American musician, civil rights activist (d. [[1887]]) * [[August 1]] ** [[Richard Dadd]], British painter (d. [[1886]]) ** [[Herman Melville]], American novelist (d. [[1891]]) * [[August 7]] – [[Ion Emanuel Florescu]], Romanian general and politician, two-time [[Prime Minister of Romania]] (d. [[1893]]) * [[August 9]] – [[William Thomas Green Morton]], American dentist who first administered [[diethyl ether|ether]] (d.[[1868]]) * [[August 13]] – Sir [[George Gabriel Stokes]], Irish mathematician, physicist (d. [[1903]]) * [[August 19]] – [[Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt]], Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. [[1894]]) * [[August 25]] – [[Allan Pinkerton]], American detective (d. [[1884]]) * [[August 26]] ** [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert]], Prince Consort to [[Queen Victoria]] (d. [[1861]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Albert, Prince Consort {{!}} Biography, Children, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Albert-Prince-Consort |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=10 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ** [[Lawrence Dudley Bailey]], American [[abolitionist]] and jurist who served on the [[Kansas Supreme Court]] from 1861 to 1869 (d. [[1891]]) * [[September 13]] – [[Clara Schumann]], German composer, pianist (d. [[1896]]) * [[September 17]] – [[Marthinus Wessel Pretorius]], 1st President of the South African Republic (d. [[1901]]) * [[September 18]] – [[Léon Foucault]], French physicist (d. [[1868]]) * [[September 20]] – [[Théodore Chassériau]], French painter (d. [[1856]]) * [[September 22]] – [[Wilhelm Wattenbach]], German historian (d. [[1897]]) * [[September 23]] – [[Hippolyte Fizeau]], French physicist (d. [[1896]]) * [[September 26]] – [[Edward Watkin]], English railway pioneer, politician (d. [[1901]]) * [[September 28]] – [[Narcís Monturiol]], [[Catalonia|Catalan]] intellectual, artist and engineer (d. [[1885]]) * [[October 2]] – [[Théonie Rivière Mignot]], American restaurateur and businesswoman (d. [[1875]]) * [[October 16]] – [[Austin F. Pike]], American politician from New Hampshire (d. [[1886]]) * [[October 20]] – The [[Báb]], Persian founder of the [[Bábism|Bábi Faith]] (d. [[1850]]) * [[November 4]] – [[Christopher Raymond Perry Rodgers]], American admiral (d. [[1892]]) * [[November 9]] – [[Annibale de Gasparis]], Italian astronomer (d. [[1892]]) * [[November 22]] – [[George Eliot]], British novelist (d. [[1880]]) * [[November 24]] – [[John Cummings Howell]], United States Navy admiral (d. [[1892]]) * [[December 10]] – [[Felice Orsini]], Italian revolutionary (d. [[1858]]) * [[December 29]] – [[Carl Siegmund Franz Credé]], German gynecologist, obstetrician (d. [[1892]]) * [[December 30]] – [[Theodor Fontane]], German writer (d. [[1898]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Philip Gaskell|title=Landmarks in Continental European Literature|publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn|year=1999|ISBN=9781579581916|page=181}}</ref> ===Date unknown=== * [[Alexandru G. Golescu]], 11th Prime Minister of Romania (d. [[1881]]) * [[Mary Jane Richardson Jones]], American abolitionist and suffragist (d. [[1909]])
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