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== Births == [[File:Wilhelmus_Beekman_c1645.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Wilhelmus Beekman]]]] [[File:Sir William Petty.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[William Petty]]]] [[File:Cornelis de Witt, door Jan de Baen.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Cornelis de Witt]]]] [[File:Georg Balthasar Metzger.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Georg Balthasar Metzger]]]] === January–March === * [[January 1]] – [[Marie Eleonore of Dietrichstein]], German noblewoman, by birth member of the House of Dietrichstein, and by her two marriages Countess of Kaunitz and Oppersdorf (d. [[1687]]) * [[January 15]] – [[Algernon Sidney]], British philosopher (d. [[1683]]) * [[March 4]] – [[Jacob van der Does]], Dutch landscape painter (d. [[1673]]) * [[March 5]] – [[Henri Sauval]], French historian (d. [[1676]]) * [[March 23]] – [[Deane Winthrop]], English-born colonist of British America, 6th son of Governor John Winthrop (d. [[1704]]) * [[March 24]] – [[Sir Ralph Hare, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1672]]) === April–June === * [[April 7]] – [[Thomas Mainwaring]], English politician (d. [[1689]]) * [[April 11]] – [[Decio Azzolino]], Italian Catholic cardinal (d. [[1689]]) * [[April 20]] – [[Olimpia Aldobrandini]], Italian Aldobrandini family member, heiress (d. [[1681]]) * [[April 23]] – [[Sir John Chichester, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1667]]) * [[April 27]] – [[Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska]], Polish noble (d. [[1672]]) * [[April 28]] – [[Wilhelmus Beekman]], Dutch politician (d. [[1707]]) * [[April 30]] – [[François de Laval]], French-born priest, first Catholic bishop of Quebec (d. [[1708]]) * [[May 26]] – [[William Petty]], English scientist, philosopher and economist (d. [[1687]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Petty, Sir William {{!}} Dictionary of Irish Biography |url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/petty-sir-william-a7303 |website=www.dib.ie |access-date=27 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref> * [[May 29]] – [[David Schirmer (poet)|David Schirmer]], German lyric poet and librarian (d. [[1686]]) * [[May 30]] ** [[John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater]], English politician (d. [[1686]]) ** [[Wallerant Vaillant]], painter of the Dutch Golden Age (d. [[1677]]) * [[June 8]] – [[Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni]], Italian Catholic cardinal (d. [[1698]]) * [[June 15]] – [[Cornelis de Witt]], Dutch politician (d. [[1672]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The Assurance Magazine and Journal of the Institute of Actuaries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sx9KAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA209|year=1860|publisher=Charles & Edwin Layton|pages=209|language=en}}</ref> * [[June 19]] – [[Blaise Pascal]], French mathematician, physicist and philosopher (d. [[1662]])<ref>{{cite book|title=SPUMS Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FaUiAQAAIAAJ|year=1999|publisher=South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society|page=40|language=en}}</ref> * [[June 29]] – [[Inaba Masanori]], Japanese daimyō (d. [[1696]]) === July–September === * [[July 1]] – [[William Owfield]], English landowner and politician (d. [[1664]]) * [[July 6]] – [[Jacopo Melani]], Italian composer and violinist (d. [[1676]]) * [[July 12]] – [[Elizabeth Walker (pharmacist)|Elizabeth Walker]], English pharmacist (d. [[1690]]) * [[July 28]] – [[Allen Brodrick]], English politician (d. [[1680]]) * [[August 4]] – [[Friedrich Casimir, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg]] (1641–1680) and Hanau-Münzenberg (1642–1680) (d. [[1685]]) * [[August 5]] (baptism) – [[Antonio Cesti]], Italian composer (d. [[1669]]) * [[August 13]] – [[Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1708]]) * [[August 14]] – [[Sir John Fowell, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1677]]) * [[August 23]] – [[Stanisław Lubieniecki]], Polish Socinian theologist (d. [[1675]]) * [[August 25]] – [[Filippo Lauri]], Italian painter (d. [[1694]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Michael Levey|title=The Later Italian Pictures in the Collection of Her Majesty the Queen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKDqAAAAMAAJ|year=1964|publisher=Phaidon Publishers|page=86|language=en}}</ref> * [[August 26]] – [[Johann Sigismund Elsholtz]], German naturalist and physician (d. [[1688]]) * [[September 1]] – [[Caspar Schamberger]], German surgeon and merchant (d. [[1706]]) * [[September 8]] – [[James Bellingham]], English politician (d. [[1650]]) * [[September 10]] – [[Carpoforo Tencalla]], Swiss-Italian Baroque painter of canvases and frescoes (d. [[1685]]) * [[September 13]] – [[Pieter Wouwerman]], Dutch painter (d. [[1682]]) * [[September 21]] – [[Sir John Bowyer, 1st Baronet]], English soldier and politician (d. [[1666]]) * [[September 23]] – [[Georg Balthasar Metzger]], German physician and scientist (d. [[1687]]) === October–December === * [[October 4]] – [[Robert Thoroton]], English antiquary (d. [[1678]]) * [[October 9]] – [[Ferdinand Verbiest]], Flemish Jesuit missionary in China during the Qing dynasty (d. [[1688]]) * [[October 17]] – [[Francis Turretin]], Swiss-Italian Reformed scholastic theologian (d. [[1687]]) * [[October 28]] – [[Johann Grueber]], Austrian Jesuit missionary and astronomer in China (d. [[1680]]) * [[November 1]] – [[Zhu Youlang, Prince of Gui]], the [[Yongli Emperor]], the 4th and last emperor of the [[Southern Ming dynasty]] of [[China]] (d. [[1662]]) * [[November 5]] – [[Mariana of the Purification]], Portuguese nun of the Carmelite Order of the Ancient Observance (d. [[1695]]) * [[November 17]] – [[Philip Sherard (MP)|Philip Sherard]], English politician (d. [[1695]]) * [[November 22]] – [[Bussy Mansell (1623–1699)|Bussy Mansell]], Welsh member of the Parliament of England (d. [[1699]]) * [[November 28]] – [[Giovanni Battista Caccioli]], Italian painter (d. [[1675]]) * [[December 1]] – [[Christian Louis I, Duke of Mecklenburg]]-Schwerin (1658–1692) (d. [[1692]]) * [[December 8]] – [[Ernest, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels]] and later of Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (d. [[1693]]) * [[December 13]] – [[Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson (1623–1700)|Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson]], French politician and diplomat (d. [[1700]])<ref>Le comte d'Argenson, 1696-1764: Ministre de Louis XV, Yves Combeau, École nationale des chartes, 1 janv. 1999 - page 26. (in French)</ref> * [[December 16]] – [[Ercole, Marquis of Baux]], member of the House of Grimaldi (d. [[1651]]) * [[December 23]] – [[Matthias Palbitzki]], Swedish diplomat and art-connoisseur (d. [[1677]]) * [[December 28]] – [[Elisabeth Augusta Lindenov]], daughter of king Christian IV of Denmark (d. [[1677]]) === Date unknown === * [[Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne]], English biographer, poet and philosopher (d. [[1673]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Margaret Atherton|title=Women Philosophers of the Early Modern Period|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K0xYL0QwHKMC&pg=PA22|year=1994|publisher=Hackett Publishing|isbn=0-87220-259-3|pages=22|language=en}}</ref> * [[Dorothy, Lady Pakington]], English religious writer (d. [[1679]]) * [[Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury]], English Royalist (d. [[1667]])
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