Editing 1559 (section)

== Births ==
[[File:Nurhaci.jpg|thumb|110px|right|Emperor [[Nurhaci]] born on February 19]]
[[File:San Lorenzo da Brindisi.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Lawrence of Brindisi]] born on July 22]]
[[File:Sirmond, Jacques.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Jacques Sirmond]] born on October 12]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Virginia Eriksdotter]], Swedish noble (d. [[1633]])
* [[January 8]] &ndash; [[William Helyar]], English chaplain (d. [[1645]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Aleixo de Menezes]], Roman Catholic archbishop (d. [[1617]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Catherine de Bourbon]], Princess of Navarre and Duchess consort of Lorraine (d. [[1604]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Isaac Casaubon]], French-born classical scholar (d. [[1614]])
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden]] (d. [[1588]])
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Nurhaci]], [[Chinese emperor]] (d. [[1626]])
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[Christoph Brouwer]], Dutch historian (d. [[1617]])
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Amar Singh I]], eldest son and successor of [[Maharana Pratap]] of Mewar (d. [[1620]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Wolf Dietrich Raitenau]], [[Prince-Bishop]] of Salzburg (d. [[1617]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Alice Spencer, Countess of Derby, Baroness Ellesmere and Viscountess Brackley]] (d. [[1637]])
* [[May 12]]
**[[Stanisław Radziwiłł]], Grand Marshal of Lithuania (d. [[1599]])
**[[Johann Georg Gödelmann]], German demonologist (d. [[1611]])
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Margareta Brahe (1559–1638)|Margareta Brahe]], Swedish political activist  (d. [[1638]])
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Lawrence of Brindisi]], Italian saint (d. [[1619]])
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Countess Palatine Barbara of Zweibrücken-Neuburg]] and Countess consort of Oettingen-Oettingen (d. [[1618]])
* [[August 18]] &ndash; [[Frederik van den Bergh (1559–1618)|Frederik van den Bergh]], Dutch soldier in the [[Eighty Years' War]] (d. [[1618]])
* [[August 24]] or [[September]] [[1556]] &ndash; [[Sophia Brahe]], Danish astronomer, horticulturalist (d. [[1643]])
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Cigoli]], Italian painter (d. [[1613]])
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Edmond Richer]], French theologian (d. [[1631]])
* [[October 12]] or [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Jacques Sirmond]], French Jesuit scholar (d. [[1651]])
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Tokuhime (1559–1636)|Tokuhime]], Japanese noble (d. [[1636]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Yaza Datu Kalaya]], Crown Princess of Burma (d. [[1603]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Al-Mansur al-Qasim]], Imam of Yemen (d. [[1620]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Albert VII, Archduke of Austria]], Governor of the Low Countries (d. [[1621]])
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Lupercio Leonardo de Argensola]], Spanish writer (d. [[1613]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[George Chapman]], English dramatist (d. [[1634]])
** Ikeda Motosuke, Japanese military commander (d. [[1584]])
** [[John Penry]], Welsh Protestant martyr (d. [[1593]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biography.wales/article/s-PENR-JOH-1563|website=Welsh Biography Online|title=Penry, John (1563-1593), Puritan author|author=Robert Tudur Jones|access-date=26 May 2021}}</ref>
** [[Honinbo Sansa]], Japanese player of Go (d. [[1623]])
** [[John Spenser]], president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford (d. [[1614]])