Editing Transport in Indonesia (section)

== Mudik ==
{{Main|Mudik}}
[[File:Mudik.jpg|thumb|right|Thousands of motorcyclist families waiting for the ferry at the [[Port of Merak]] during mudik]]
''[[Mudik]]'', or ''Pulang Kampung'', is an [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] term for the activity where migrants or migrant workers return to their hometown or village during or before major holidays, especially [[Lebaran]] ([[Eid al-Fitr]]).<ref name="JPMudik">{{cite news |title = Lebaran and local pride in the annual 'mudik' custom | author = Donny Syofyan | date = 13 July 2015 | newspaper =The Jakarta Post| url =http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/07/13/lebaran-and-local-pride-annual-mudik-custom.html}}</ref> Although the mudik homecoming travel before Lebaran takes place in most Indonesian urban centers, the highlight is on the nation's largest urban agglomeration; [[Greater Jakarta]], as millions of Jakartans exit the city by various means of transportation, overwhelming train stations and airports and also clogging highways, especially the [[Trans-Java toll road]] and Java's [[North Coast Road (Java)|Northern Coast Road]].<ref>{{cite news | title = Mass exodus to begin in Jakarta this weekend | author = Callistasia Anggun Wijaya | newspaper = The Jakarta Post | location = Jakarta | date = 1 July 2016 | url = http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/07/01/mass-exodus-to-begin-in-jakarta-this-weekend.html}}</ref>

In 2023 it was estimated that the people that took annual ''mudik'' travel reached 123 million people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-6687815/mudik-2023-tertinggi-sepanjang-sejarah-ini-datanya-7-tahun-terakhir|title=Mudik 2023 Tertinggi Sepanjang Sejarah, Ini Datanya 7 Tahun Terakhir|author=Yogi Ernes|work=detik.com|language=id|access-date=2023-05-26}}</ref> 
The demand for [[Rail transport in Indonesia|train]] and [[#Air transport|airplane]] tickets usually spikes a month or two prior to Lebaran, prompting an unusually higher cost for tickets for highly sought days of departure. Some airlines might add extra flights or operate larger airplanes to deal with the surge in demand.<ref>{{cite news |title=Airlines Ajukan 90 Extra Flight untuk Lebaran |url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20180425191505-4-12506/airlines-ajukan-90-extra-flight-untuk-lebaran |access-date=9 June 2018 |work=CNBC Indonesia |date=25 April 2018 |language=id}}</ref>

Indonesian train operator [[Kereta Api Indonesia]] usually offers additional train trips or introduces longer trains with more cars in order to meet the demand.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bempah |first1=Ramdhan Triyadi |title=PT KAI Siapkan 16 Kereta Tambahan untuk Antisipasi Lonjakan Pemudik |url=https://regional.kompas.com/read/2018/05/04/10122711/pt-kai-siapkan-16-kereta-tambahan-untuk-antisipasi-lonjakan-pemudik. |access-date=9 June 2018 |work=Kompas |date=4 May 2018 |language=id}}</ref> The private operators of intercity and interprovince buses usually charge higher ticket costs during this period. The impact is indeed tremendous as millions of buses, cars and motorcycles jam the roads and highways, causing kilometres of traffic jams each year.<ref>{{cite news | url =http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/09/01/govt-says-roads-ready-lebaran-exodus.html | title =Govt says roads ready for Lebaran exodus |newspaper = [[The Jakarta Post]] |date = 1 September 2010 | access-date = 2 September 2010}}</ref><ref name="BBC-1">{{cite news | title = Mudik gratis 'tak berhasil' kurangi jumlah pengendara sepeda motor | author = Sri Lestari | publisher = BBC Indonesia | date = 7 July 2016 | url = http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2016/07/160706_indonesia_mudik_motor | language = id}}</ref>