Editing 1830s (section)

=== Electricity ===
Many key discoveries about electricity were made in the 1830s. [[Electromagnetic induction]] was discovered independently by [[Michael Faraday]] and [[Joseph Henry]] in 1831; however, Faraday was the first to publish the results of his experiments.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ulaby|first=Fawwaz|title=Fundamentals of applied electromagnetics|edition=5th|year=2007|url=https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0132413264/ref=ord_cart_shr?%5Fencoding=UTF8&m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&v=glance|publisher=Pearson:Prentice Hall|isbn=978-0-13-241326-8|page=255}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nas.edu/history/members/henry.html |title=Joseph Henry |access-date=2006-11-30 |work=Distinguished Members Gallery, National Academy of Sciences |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209134636/http://www.nas.edu/history/members/henry.html |archive-date=2006-12-09 }}</ref> Electromagnetic induction is the production of a [[potential difference]] (voltage) across a [[Electrical conductor|conductor]] when it is exposed to a varying [[magnetic field]]. This discovery was essential to the invention of [[transformer]]s, [[inductor]]s, and many types of [[electric motor|electrical motors]], [[Electric generator|generators]] and [[solenoid]]s.<ref name="Sadiku386">{{cite book|author=Sadiku, M. N. O.|title=Elements of Electromagnetics|year=2007|page=386|publisher=Oxford University Press|edition=fourth|location=New York (USA)/Oxford (UK)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2ITHQAACAAJ|isbn=978-0-19-530048-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=1999-07-22|title=Applications of electromagnetic induction|url=http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/py106/Electricgenerators.html|publisher=[[Boston University]]}}</ref>

In 1834, [[Michael Faraday]]'s published his research regarding the quantitative relationships in electrochemical reactions, now known as [[Faraday's laws of electrolysis]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Ehl, Rosemary Gene|author2= Ihde, Aaron | title = Faraday's Electrochemical Laws and the Determination of Equivalent Weights | journal = Journal of Chemical Education | year = 1954 | volume = 31 | issue = May | pages = 226–232 | doi = 10.1021/ed031p226 | bibcode=1954JChEd..31..226E}}</ref> Also in 1834, [[Jean Charles Athanase Peltier|Jean C. A. Peltier]]  discovered the [[Peltier effect|Peltier "effect"]], which is the presence of heating or cooling at an electrified junction of two different conductors.  In 1836, [[John Frederic Daniell|John Daniell]] invented a primary cell in which [[hydrogen]] was eliminated in the generation of the electricity.