Editing Intel (section)

====Allegations by the European Union (2007–2023)====
In July 2007, the [[European Commission]] accused Intel of [[anti-competitive practices]], mostly against [[Advanced Micro Devices|AMD]].<ref name="Europa Memo July 27, 2007">{{cite news|title=Competition: Commission confirms sending of Statement of Objections to Intel |date=July 27, 2007 |url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/07/314& |work=Europa (web portal) |access-date=July 28, 2007}}</ref> The allegations, going back to 2003, include giving preferential prices to computer makers buying most or all of their [[microprocessor|chips]] from Intel, paying computer makers to delay or cancel the launch of products using AMD chips, and providing chips at below standard cost to governments and educational institutions.<ref name="Reuters July 27, 2007">{{cite news|first=David |last=Lawsky |title=UPDATE 4-EU says Intel tried to squeeze out Advanced Micro Devices |date=July 27, 2007 |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUSL2783620520070727?sp=true |access-date=July 28, 2007}}</ref> Intel responded that the allegations were unfounded and instead qualified its market behavior as consumer-friendly.<ref name="Reuters July 27, 2007"/> General counsel [[Bruce Sewell]] responded that the commission had misunderstood some factual assumptions regarding pricing and manufacturing costs.<ref name="Reuters July 27, 2007 (2)">{{cite news|first=David |last=Lawsky |title=Intel says EU made errors in antitrust charges |date=July 27, 2007 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL2788098920070727?sp=true |work=Reuters |access-date=July 28, 2007}}</ref>

In February 2008, Intel announced that its office in Munich had been raided by [[European Union]] regulators. Intel reported that it was cooperating with investigators.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7241022.stm |date=February 12, 2008 |access-date=February 12, 2008 |work=BBC News |title=EU regulator raids Intel offices}}</ref> Intel faced a fine of up to 10% of its annual revenue if found guilty of stifling competition.<ref name="BBC Intel 2007-07-27">{{cite news|title=EU outlines Intel 'market abuse' |date=July 27, 2007 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6918975.stm |work=BBC News |access-date=July 28, 2007}}</ref> AMD subsequently launched a website promoting these allegations.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Peter |last=Clarke |title=AMD sets up website to tell "the truth about Intel" |date=August 8, 2007 |publisher=CMP Media LLC |url=http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=201303681 |work=eetimes.com |access-date=August 9, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926220601/http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=201303681 |archive-date=September 26, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://breakfree.amd.com/en-us/default.aspx |title=AMD Break Free |access-date=August 9, 2007 |date=July 31, 2007 |work=breakfree.amd.com |publisher=Advanced Micro Devices, Inc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070731232711/http://breakfree.amd.com/en-us/default.aspx |archive-date=July 31, 2007}}</ref> In June 2008, the EU filed new charges against Intel.<ref>{{cite news|title=EU files new competition charges against Intel|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUKL1730607220080718 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204062439/http://uk.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUKL1730607220080718 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 4, 2008 |work=Reuters |date=July 17, 2008|access-date=September 10, 2008 | first=Pete | last=Harrison}}</ref> In May 2009, the EU found that Intel had engaged in anti-competitive practices and subsequently fined Intel €1.06&nbsp;billion (US$1.44&nbsp;billion), a record amount. Intel was found to have paid companies, including [[Acer Inc.|Acer]], [[Dell]], [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]], [[Lenovo]] and [[NEC]],<ref name="fine">{{Cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1897913,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090516170330/http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1897913,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 16, 2009|title=The Chips Are Down: Intel's $1.45&nbsp;billion Fine|date=May 13, 2009|magazine=TIME|access-date=May 13, 2009}}</ref> to exclusively use Intel chips in their products, and therefore harmed other, less successful companies including AMD.<ref name="fine" /><ref>[http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/09/745&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en "Antitrust: Commission imposes fine of €1.06 bn on Intel for abuse of dominant position; orders Intel to cease illegal practices", reference: IP/09/745, date: May 13, 2009]. Europa.eu (May 13, 2009). Retrieved July 8, 2011.</ref><ref>[[Neelie Kroes]], [http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=SPEECH/09/241&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en "Commission takes antitrust action against Intel", introductory remarks at press conference, Brussels, May 13, 2009]</ref> The European Commission said that Intel had deliberately acted to keep competitors out of the computer chip market and in doing so had made a "serious and sustained violation of the EU's antitrust rules".<ref name="fine" /> In addition to the fine, Intel was ordered by the commission to immediately cease all illegal practices.<ref name="fine" /> Intel has said that they will appeal against the commission's verdict. In June 2014, the General Court, which sits below the European Court of Justice, rejected the appeal.<ref name="fine" />

In 2022 the €1.06 billion fine was dropped, but was successively re-imposed in September 2023 as a €376.36 million fine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_4570|title=Antitrust: Commission re-imposes €376.36 million fine on Intel for anticompetitive practices in the market for computer chips|website=ec.europa.eu|date=September 23, 2023|access-date=October 30, 2023|archive-date=October 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024140302/https://Europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_4570|url-status=live}}</ref>