Editing Winston Churchill (section)

==Later life: 1955–1965==
{{Main|Later life of Winston Churchill}}

===Retirement: 1955–1964===
Elizabeth&nbsp;II offered to create Churchill [[Duke of London]], but he declined because of the objections of Randolph, who would have inherited the title.{{sfn|Rasor|2000|p=205}} Although publicly supportive, Churchill was privately scathing about Eden's handling of the [[Suez Crisis]] and Clementine believed that many of his visits to the US in the following years were attempts to repair Anglo-American relations.{{sfn|Gilbert|1988|pp=1224–1225}}

Churchill remained an MP until he stood down at the [[1964 United Kingdom general election|1964 general election]].{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=911}} By the time of the [[1959 United Kingdom general election|1959 general election]], he seldom attended the House of Commons. Despite the Conservative landslide in 1959, his own majority fell by more than 1,000. He spent most of his retirement at Chartwell or at his London home in [[Hyde Park Gate]], and became a habitué of high society at [[La Pausa]] on the [[French Riviera]].{{Sfn|Lovell|2011|p=486}}
In June 1962, aged 87, Churchill had a fall in [[Monte Carlo]] and broke his hip. He was flown home to a London hospital where he remained for 3 weeks. Jenkins says Churchill was never the same after this.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=911}} In 1963, US President [[John F. Kennedy]], acting under authorisation granted by an [[Act of Congress]], proclaimed him an [[honorary citizen of the United States]], but he was unable to attend the White House ceremony.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=911}} There has been speculation he became very depressed in his final years, but this has been emphatically denied by his secretary [[Anthony Montague Browne]], who was with him for his last 10 years. Montague Browne wrote that he never heard Churchill refer to depression and certainly did not suffer from it.{{Sfn|Montague Browne|1995|pp=302–303}}

===Death, funeral and memorials===
{{Main|Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill}}
[[File:Churchills Grave.jpg|thumb|right|Churchill's grave at [[St Martin's Church, Bladon]]]]
Churchill suffered his final [[stroke]] on 10 January 1965 and died on 24 January, in his home at 28 Hyde Park Gate, London.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=911}}{{sfn|Gilbert|1991|p=958}} Like the [[Duke of Wellington]] in 1852 and [[William Gladstone]] in 1898, Churchill was given a state funeral.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=911}} His coffin lay in state at [[Westminster Hall]] for three days. The funeral ceremony was at [[St Paul's Cathedral]] on 30 January.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=911}}{{sfn|Gilbert|1991|p=958}} Afterwards, the coffin was taken by boat along the [[River Thames]] to [[Waterloo Station]] and from there by a special train to the family plot at [[St Martin's Church, Bladon]].{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=912}}{{sfn|Gilbert|1991|p=958}}

Worldwide, numerous memorials have been dedicated to Churchill. His [[Statue of Winston Churchill, Parliament Square|statue in Parliament Square]] was unveiled by his widow Clementine in 1973 and is one of only twelve in the square.{{sfn|Rasor|2000|p=300}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/gandhi-joins-churchill-statues-of-old-enemies-sidebyside-in-parliament-square-10108362.html |last=Dunn |first=James |title=Gandhi statue unveiled in Parliament Square – next to his old enemy Churchill |newspaper=The Independent |date=14 March 2015 |location=London |access-date=16 May 2020 |archive-date=25 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925162800/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/gandhi-joins-churchill-statues-of-old-enemies-sidebyside-in-parliament-square-10108362.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Elsewhere in London, the Cabinet War Rooms have been renamed the [[Churchill War Rooms]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Waterfield |first=Giles |author-link=Giles Waterfield |title=The Churchill Museum: Ministry of sound |journal=Museum Practice |date=Summer 2005 |issue=30 |pages=18–21 |publisher=Museums Association |location=London}}</ref> [[Churchill College, Cambridge]], was established as a national memorial to Churchill. In a 2002 [[BBC]] poll that attracted 447,423 votes, he was voted the [[100 Greatest Britons|greatest-ever Briton]], his nearest rival being [[Isambard Kingdom Brunel]] some 56,000 votes behind.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2509465.stm |title=Churchill Voted Greatest Briton |publisher=BBC News |date=24 November 2002 |location=London |access-date=16 May 2020 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908213548/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2509465.stm |url-status=live}}</ref>

Churchill was the first of only eight people to be granted honorary citizenship of the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/88/hr4374 |author=88th Congress (1963–1964) |title=H.R. 4374 (88th): An Act to proclaim Sir Winston Churchill an honorary citizen of the United States of America |publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC |date=9 April 1963 |access-date=16 May 2020 |archive-date=15 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615105806/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/88/hr4374 |url-status=live}}</ref> The [[United States Navy]] honoured him in 1999 by naming a {{sclass|Arleigh Burke|destroyer|1}} as the {{USS|Winston S. Churchill}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://winstonchurchill.org/the-life-of-churchill/in-memoriam/uss-winston-s-churchill/ |title=Christening of the USS ''Winston S. Churchill'' |work=International Churchill Society (ICS) |date=15 January 2004 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing plc |location=London |access-date=16 May 2020 |archive-date=15 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615105759/https://winstonchurchill.org/the-life-of-churchill/in-memoriam/uss-winston-s-churchill/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Other memorials in North America include the [[National Churchill Museum]] in Fulton, where he made the 1946 "Iron Curtain" speech; [[Churchill Square (Edmonton)|Churchill Square]] in [[Edmonton]], Alberta; and the [[Winston Churchill Range]], a mountain range northwest of [[Lake Louise (Alberta)|Lake Louise]], also in Alberta, which was renamed after Churchill in 1956.{{Sfn|Colombo|1984}}