Editing Zakat (section)

===Failure to pay===
[[File:Slot at the Zaouia Moulay Idriss II 1.jpg|thumb|A slot for giving zakat at the [[Zaouia Moulay Idriss II]] in [[Fez, Morocco]]<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2AtvBAAAQBAJ | title=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God | year=2014 | page=94 | isbn=978-1-61069-177-2 | last1=Fitzpatrick | first1=Coeli | last2=Walker | first2=Adam Hani| publisher=Abc-Clio }}</ref>]]

The consequence of failure to pay zakat has been a subject of extensive legal debate in traditional Islamic jurisprudence, particularly when a Muslim is willing to pay zakat but refuses to pay it to a certain group or the state.<ref name="Aghnides"/><ref>{{cite book|author=Yusuf al-Qaradawi|author-link=Yusuf al-Qaradawi|title=Fiqh Al-Zakāh: A Comprehensive Study of Zakah Regulations and Philosophy in the Light of the Qurʼan and Sunna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jF5by_O_QIEC&pg=PA40|access-date=4 February 2016|year=2011|publisher=Islamic Book Trust in affiliation with The Other Press|isbn=978-967-5062-76-6|pages=40–41}}</ref> According to classical jurists, if the collector is unjust in the collection of zakat but just in its distribution, the concealment of property from him is allowed.<ref name="Aghnides"/> If, on the other hand, the collector is just in the collection but unjust in the distribution, the concealment of property from him is an obligation (''wajib'').<ref name="Aghnides"/> Furthermore, if the zakat is concealed from a just collector because the property owner wanted to pay his zakat to the poor himself, they held that he should not be punished for it.<ref name="Aghnides"/> If collection of zakat by force was not possible, use of military force to extract it was seen as justified, as was done by [[Abu Bakr]] during the [[Ridda Wars]], on the argument that refusing to submit to just orders is a form of treason.<ref name="Aghnides"/> However, Abu Hanifa, the founder of the [[Hanafi]] school, disapproved of fighting when the property owners undertake to distribute the zakat to the poor themselves.<ref name="Aghnides"/>

Some classical jurists held the view that any Muslim who consciously refuses to pay zakat is an apostate, since the failure to believe that it is a religious duty (''[[fard]]'') is a form of unbelief (''[[kufr]]''), and should be killed.<ref>Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im Na (2010), ''Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a'', Harvard University Press, {{ISBN|978-0674034563}}, pp. 58–63</ref><ref>Koylu, Mustafa (2003), ''Islam and its Quest for Peace: Jihad, Justice and Education'', {{ISBN|978-1565181809}}, pp. 88–89</ref><ref name="Aghnides205">{{Cite book|author=Nicolas Prodromou Aghnides|title =Mohammedan Theories of Finance, Volume 70|year=1916|publisher =Columbia university|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAVDAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA205|pages=205}}</ref> However, prevailing opinion among classical jurists prescribed sanctions such as fines, imprisonment or corporal punishment.<ref name="Aghnides">{{Cite book|author=Nicolas Prodromou Aghnides|title =Mohammedan Theories of Finance, Volume 70|year=1916|publisher =Columbia university|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAVDAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA302|pages=302–304}}</ref> Some classical and contemporary scholars such as [[Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh]] and Yusuf al-Qaradawi have stated that the person who fails to pay Zakat should have the payment taken from them, along with half of his wealth.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Fiquh of Zakat Volume 1|last = Yusuf|first = Al Qardawi|publisher = King Abdul Aziz University Center for Research in Islamic Economics|year = 1984|location = Kingdom of Saudi Arabia|pages = 19}}</ref> Additionally, those who failed to pay the zakat would face God's punishment in the afterlife on the day of Judgment.<ref name=Zysow/>

In modern states where zakat payment is compulsory, failure to pay is regulated by state law similarly to tax evasion.{{Citation needed|date=January 2017}}