Editing War of the Austrian Succession (section)

==Campaign of 1743==
{{Location map many|Europe Central|caption = Key locations, 1743|relief=yes|border = black| width = 350| float = right
|label = Mainz |pos=left |lat_deg=50|lat_min =00|lon_deg = 8|lon_min = 13
|label2 = Dettingen|pos2=right |lat2_deg=50|lat2_min =03 |lon2_deg = 9 |lon2_min = 01
|label3 = Vienna  |pos3=bottom |lat3_deg=48|lat3_min =12|lon3_deg = 16|lon3_min = 22
|label4 = Prague  |pos4=right  |lat4_deg=50|lat4_min =05|lon4_deg = 14|lon4_min = 25
|label5 = Simbach |pos5=right  |lat5_deg=48|lat5_min =34|lon5_deg = 12|lon5_min = 45
|label6 = Budapest|pos6=bottom |lat6_deg=47|lat6_min = 30|lon6_deg = 19 |lon6_min = 3
|label7 = Worms   |pos7 =bottom| lat7_deg = 49 | lat7_min = 38 | lon7_deg = 8 | lon7_min = 22
|label8 = Milan   |pos8 =left  |lat8_deg = 45 |lat8_min = 28 | lon8_deg = 9| lon8_min = 11
|label9 = Munich  |pos9 = bottom| lat9_deg = 48|lat9_min = 08 | lon9_deg = 11| lon9_min = 34|
|label10 = Augsburg |pos10= left|lat10_deg = 48 |lat10_min = 22 |lon10_deg = 10|lon10_min = 54|
}}

At the beginning of the year, Louis XV insisted Broglie be given command of the Franco-Bavarian forces, creating tension with the Bavarians, and their general [[Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff|von Seckendorff]].{{sfn|Asprey|2007|p=274}} With most of his lands occupied by the Austrians, Charles VII fled to [[Augsburg]], from where he initiated talks with Vienna and [[London]], feeling he had been abandoned by his French allies.{{sfn|Anderson|1995|p=114}} Divided at the top, and their troops weakened by disease, the Franco-Bavarian forces offered limited resistance to the Austrian advance; on 9 May, the Bavarians were defeated outside [[Battle of Simbach|Simbach]], by Charles of Lorraine.{{sfn|Browning|1993|p=136}}

In mid-June, the [[Pragmatic Army]] arrived at [[Aschaffenburg]], on the north bank of the river [[Main (river)|Main]]. Here they were joined by [[George II of Great Britain|George II]], who was attending the enthronement of a new [[Elector of Mainz]] in [[Wiesbaden]].{{sfn|Browning|1993|p=136}} By late June, the Allies were running short of supplies and withdrew towards the nearest supply depot at [[Hanau]], the road to which ran through Dettingen, now a part of [[Karlstein am Main]], where 23,000 French troops blocked the road. Despite a strong position, mistakes made by their commander [[Louis de Gramont, 6th Duke of Gramont|Gramont]], allowed the Allies to win a narrow [[Battle of Dettingen|victory]].{{sfn|Périni|1896|p=295}} This was the last time a British monarch would personally lead troops in battle. 

While the Pragmatic Army were able to continue their retreat, they had to abandon their wounded, and although reinforced by Charles of Lorraine were unable to agree what to do next. Charles later described Allied headquarters as a 'republic', while [[Adrien Maurice de Noailles]] told Louis XV he was 'heavily indebted to the irresolutions of George II.' They ended by doing nothing, and in October, took up winter quarters in the Netherlands.{{sfn|Anderson|1995|pp=117–118}}

[[Image:Clementi - Charles Emmanuel III in armour.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia]], who entered the war by the September [[Treaty of Worms (1743)|Treaty of Worms]]]]
Frederick had responded to Dettingen by renewing his search for allies, and building up his army once again. In July, the Russian court discovered an alleged [[Natalia Lopukhina|plot]] to overthrow Empress [[Elizabeth of Russia|Elizabeth]], and restore three-year old [[Ivan VI]], with his mother Grand Duchess [[Anna Leopoldovna]] as his regent.{{sfn|Asprey|2007|p=275}} Whether this amounted to anything more than drunken gossip is disputed; one suggestion is that it was a fabrication by Frederick, designed to remove anti-Prussian opponents, chiefly [[Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin|Chancellor Bestuzhev-Ryumin]].{{sfn|Anderson|1995|p=128}}

Anna Bestuzhev, wife of his brother Mikhail, and her friend [[Natalia Lopukhina]], confessed to the plot after 25 days of torture; they were publicly flogged, and had their tongues removed before being exiled to [[Siberia]]. Fredrick's supporters referred to it as the "Botta Conspiracy", alleging the involvement of Austrian envoy [[Antoniotto Botta Adorno]].{{sfn|Lincoln|1981|p=197}} When Tsarina Elizabeth demanded Botta be punished, Maria Theresa refused, and the episode poisoned the relationship between Austria and Russia. Frederick managed to divide his two main opponents, but [[Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin]] remained in place, leaving the overall position unchanged.{{sfn|Anderson|1995|p=128}}

On 13 September, [[Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia]], Maria Theresa and Britain agreed the [[Treaty of Worms (1743)|Treaty of Worms]], intended to expel [[History of Spain (1700–1808)|Spain]] from Italy. In return for Sardinian support in [[Lombardy]], the Austrians ceded all their territories west of the river [[Ticino (river)|Ticino]] and [[Lake Maggiore]], along with lands south of the [[Po (river)|Po]]. In return, Charles Emmanuel renounced his claim to the strategic [[Duchy of Milan]], guaranteed the Pragmatic Sanction, and provided 40,000 troops, paid for by Britain.{{sfn|Hochedlinger|2003|p=255}}

France and Spain responded with the [[Pacte de Famille#The second Pacte de Famille|Second Pacte de Famille]] in October, and Louis XV began plans to invade the [[Austrian Netherlands]]. The year ended with Saxony agreeing a pact of mutual defence with Austria, leaving Prussia isolated, and facing a renewed offensive as Maria Theresa sought to regain Silesia.{{sfn|Anderson|1995|pp=126–127}}