Editing Vulcano (section)

===Medieval===
The first ascent of the volcanic cone is documented for the 13th century. The Dominican friar [[Burchard of Mount Sion]], in his pilgrimage report to the [[Holy Land]], tells of his return journey via Sicily, which probably took place in 1284. On Vulcano he had climbed the summit "crawling on his hands and feet".<ref>Mehr, Christian: Vor Petrarca: Die Bergbesteigung eines Mönchs auf Vulcano. Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 101 (2019), pp. 317-346.</ref> His ascent can be considered authentic, as he reports in detail on his observations of the landscape and nature, for example describing the fumaroles or the diameter of the crater.{{cn|date=February 2025}}

The island of Vulcano as well as the Aeolian Islands are already known to [[Isidor of Seville]], the Gallic bishop [[Arculf]], who dictated his journey to the Holy Land to the Irishman [[Adomnan]] (before 680), or [[Bartholomew Anglicus]]. They are an integral part of medieval knowledge of the geography of the Mediterranean, but none of them wrote about Vulcano on their own initiative.{{cn|date=February 2025}}

Vulcano is also mentioned in the pilgrimage report (ca. 1350) by [[Ludolf von Sudheim]], who, however, claims that he did not dare to climb it. Unlike Burchard of Mount Sion, Ludolf expected to find the entrance to hell at the crater. The Provençal knight [[Antoine de La Sale]] tells of an excursion to the island in 1406. His text is a didactic textbook for his pupil John of Calabria, the son of Duke Rene I of Anjou.{{cn|date=February 2025}}