Editing Turmeric (section)

==Phytochemistry==
[[File:curcuminKeto.svg|right|frame|Curcumin [[Ketone|keto]] form]]
[[File:curcumin.svg|right|frame|Curcumin [[enol]] form]]
Turmeric powder is about 60&ndash;70% [[carbohydrates]], 6&ndash;13% water, 6&ndash;8% [[protein]], 5&ndash;10% [[fat]], 3&ndash;7% [[dietary minerals]], 3&ndash;7% [[essential oil]]s, 2&ndash;7% [[dietary fiber]], and 1&ndash;6% [[curcuminoid]]s.<ref name=nelson/> The golden yellow color of turmeric is due to curcumin.<ref name=pubchem/>

[[Phytochemistry|Phytochemical]] components of turmeric include [[diarylheptanoid]]s, a class including numerous curcuminoids, such as [[curcumin]], [[demethoxycurcumin]], and [[bisdemethoxycurcumin]].<ref name=nelson/><ref name=pubchem/> Curcumin constitutes up to 3.14% of assayed commercial samples of turmeric powder (the average was 1.51%); curry powder contains much less (an average of 0.29%).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tayyem RF, Heath DD, Al-Delaimy WK, Rock CL |title= Curcumin content of turmeric and curry powders |journal= Nutr Cancer |volume= 55|issue=2 | pages= 126–131 |year= 2006 |pmid=17044766 |doi= 10.1207/s15327914nc5502_2|s2cid= 12581076 }}</ref> Some 34 essential oils are present in turmeric, among which [[turmerone]], [[germacrone]], atlantone, and [[zingiberene]] are major constituents.<ref>{{cite journal|pmc=4142718|year=2014|last1=Hong|first1=SL|title=Essential Oil Content of the Rhizome of ''Curcuma purpurascens'' Bl. (Temu Tis) and Its Antiproliferative Effect on Selected Human Carcinoma Cell Lines|journal=The Scientific World Journal|volume=2014|pages=1–7|last2=Lee|first2=G. S|last3=Syed Abdul Rahman|first3=SN|last4=Ahmed Hamdi|first4=OA|last5=Awang|first5=K|last6=Aznam Nugroho|first6=N|last7=Abd Malek|first7=SN|display-authors=3|doi=10.1155/2014/397430|pmid=25177723|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|pmid=24311554|year=2014|last1=Hu|first1=Y|title=GC-MS combined with chemometric techniques for the quality control and original discrimination of ''Curcumae longae'' rhizome: Analysis of essential oils|journal=Journal of Separation Science|volume=37|issue=4|pages=404–11|last2=Kong|first2=W|last3=Yang|first3=X|last4=Xie|first4=L|last5=Wen|first5=J|last6=Yang|first6=M|display-authors=3|doi=10.1002/jssc.201301102}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|pmid=14558784|year=2003|last1=Braga|first1=ME|title=Comparison of yield, composition, and antioxidant activity of turmeric (''Curcuma longa'' L.) extracts obtained using various techniques|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|volume=51|issue=22|pages=6604–11|last2=Leal|first2=PF|last3=Carvalho|first3=JE|last4=Meireles|first4=MA |doi=10.1021/jf0345550}}</ref>