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=== Destruction and re-introduction in the United States === In what is now the United States, there were an estimated 10 million turkeys in the 17th century. By the 1930s, only 30,000 remained.<ref name="strib2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.startribune.com/wild-turkeys-minnesota-extinction-endangered-species-conservation-success/600223880/|title=The fall and rise of Minnesota's wild turkeys|first=Greg|last=Stanley|website=[[Star Tribune]]|access-date=21 November 2022|archive-date=21 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121192314/https://www.startribune.com/wild-turkeys-minnesota-extinction-endangered-species-conservation-success/600223880/|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 1960s and 1970s, biologists started trapping wild turkeys from the few places they remained (including the Ozarks<ref name="strib2022"/> and New York<ref name="audobon2018">{{cite web|url=https://www.audubon.org/news/how-wild-turkeys-took-over-new-england|title=How Wild Turkeys Took Over New England|first=Brianna|last=Abbott|date=20 November 2018|access-date=21 November 2022|archive-date=21 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121193815/https://www.audubon.org/news/how-wild-turkeys-took-over-new-england|url-status=live}}</ref>), and re-introducing them into other states, including Minnesota<ref name="strib2022"/> and Vermont.<ref name="audobon2018"/> Starting in 2014, researchers sent a survey to wildlife biologists in the National Wild Turkey Federation Technical Committee across the U.S. states to gather data regarding the population of turkeys. As of 2019, the wild turkey population declined by around 3% since 2014. Also as of 2019, the number of wild turkey hunters decreased by 18% since 2014 from the reports of the participating U.S. states. The 2019 data for population was missing information from 12 states and the 2019 hunter data was missing information from 8 states.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chamberlain |first1=Michael J. |last2=Hatfield |first2=Mark |last3=Collier |first3=Bret A. |date=2022 |title=Status and distribution of wild turkeys in the United States in 2019 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wsb.1287 |journal=Wildlife Society Bulletin |language=en |volume=46 |issue=2 |doi=10.1002/wsb.1287 |s2cid=248933133 |issn=2328-5540}}</ref>
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