Editing Trichomoniasis (section)

==Prevention==
Use of male [[condom]]s or female condoms may help prevent the spread of trichomoniasis,<ref>[http://www.ashastd.org/learn/learn_vag_trich.cfm#8 Vaginitis/Trichomoniasis: Reduce your risk] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080316073148/http://www.ashastd.org/learn/learn_vag_trich.cfm |date=2008-03-16 }}, [[American Social Health Association]]. Retrieved March 12, 2008.</ref> although careful studies have never been done on how to prevent this infection. Infection with trichomoniasis through water is unlikely because ''Trichomonas vaginalis'' dies in water after 45–60 minutes, in thermal water after 30 minutes to 3 hours, and in diluted urine after 5–6 hours.<ref name="gynekologie"/>

There are no routine standard screening requirements for the general U.S. population receiving family planning or STI testing.<ref name=munson>{{cite journal | vauthors = Munson E | title = Point: new trichs for "old" dogs: prospects for expansion of Trichomonas vaginalis screening | journal = Clinical Chemistry | volume = 60 | issue = 1 | pages = 151–4 | date = January 2014 | pmid = 24043491 | doi = 10.1373/clinchem.2013.210021 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name=wendel>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wendel KA, Workowski KA | title = Trichomoniasis: challenges to appropriate management | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 44 | issue = Suppl 3 | pages = S123-9 | date = April 2007 | pmid = 17342665 | doi = 10.1086/511425 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends trichomoniasis testing for females with vaginal discharge<ref name="Workowski KA 2010">{{cite journal | vauthors = Workowski KA, Berman S | title = Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010 | journal = MMWR. Recommendations and Reports | volume = 59 | issue = RR-12 | pages = 1–110 | date = December 2010 | pmid = 21160459 }}</ref> and can be considered for females at higher risk for infection or of HIV-positive [[serostatus]].<ref name="munson"/>

The advent of new, highly specific, and sensitive trichomoniasis tests presents opportunities for new screening protocols for both men and women.<ref name=munson /><ref name=smith>{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith LV, Sorvillo F, Kuo T | title = Implications of Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification testing on medical training and practice | journal = Journal of Clinical Microbiology | volume = 51 | issue = 5 | pages = 1650 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23592856 | pmc = 3647919 | doi = 10.1128/JCM.00188-13 }}</ref> Careful planning, discussion, and research are required to determine the cost-efficiency and most beneficial use of these new tests for the diagnosis and treatment of trichomoniasis, which can lead to better prevention efforts.<ref name=munson /><ref name=smith />

Several strategies have been found to improve follow-up for STI testing, including email and text messaging as reminders of appointments.<ref name="DesaiWoodhall2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Desai M, Woodhall SC, Nardone A, Burns F, Mercey D, Gilson R | title = Active recall to increase HIV and STI testing: a systematic review | journal = Sexually Transmitted Infections | volume = 91 | issue = 5 | pages = 314–23 | date = August 2015 | pmid = 25759476 | doi = 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051930 | doi-access = free | postscript = : Access provided by the [[University of Pittsburgh Library System]] }}</ref>

=== Screening ===
Evidence from randomized controlled trials for screening pregnant women who have no symptoms of infection with trichomoniasis and treating women who test positive for the infection have not consistently shown a reduced risk of [[preterm birth]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Klebanoff MA, Carey JC, Hauth JC, Hillier SL, Nugent RP, Thom EA, Ernest JM, Heine RP, Wapner RJ, Trout W, Moawad A, Leveno KJ, Miodovnik M, Sibai BM, Van Dorsten JP, Dombrowski MP, O'Sullivan MJ, Varner M, Langer O, McNellis D, Roberts JM | display-authors = 6 | title = Failure of metronidazole to prevent preterm delivery among pregnant women with asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis infection | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 345 | issue = 7 | pages = 487–93 | date = August 2001 | pmid = 11519502 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa003329 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Prevention of premature birth by screening and treatment for common genital tract infections: Results of a prospective controlled evaluation|journal = American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology|pages = 157–167|volume = 173|issue = 1|doi = 10.1016/0002-9378(95)90184-1|first1 = James A.|last1 = McGregor|first2 = Janice I.|last2 = French|first3 = Ruth|last3 = Parker|first4 = Deborah|last4 = Draper|first5 = Elisa|last5 = Patterson|first6 = Ward|last6 = Jones|first7 = Kyja|last7 = Thorsgard|first8 = John|last8 = McFee|year=1995|pmid = 7631673}}</ref> Further studies are needed to verify this result and determine the best method of screening. In the U.S., screening of pregnant women without symptoms is recommended only for those with HIV, as ''Trichomonas'' infection is associated with an increased risk of [[Vertically transmitted infection|transmitting HIV to the fetus]].<ref name=":0" />