Editing Tajiks (section)

=== Afghanistan ===
{{Main|Demographics of Afghanistan}}
[[File:Burhanuddin Rabbani Cropped DVIDS.jpg|thumb|left|[[Burhanuddin Rabbani]] served as [[List of Presidents of Afghanistan|President of Afghanistan]] from 1992 to 1996, and again in 2001.|260x260px]]
[[File:Shir 5 Shir.jpg|thumb|260x260px|[[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] was a powerful military leader in Afghanistan. He is shown here wearing a [[pakol]] hat, during his time as a [[Afghan mujahideen|mujahid]].]]
Despite sharing the same name, Tajiks do not refer to the same group of people in Afghanistan and Tajikistan.<ref name="brasher">Brasher, Ryan. “Ethnic Brother or Artificial Namesake? The Construction of Tajik Identity in Afghanistan and Tajikistan.” Berkeley Journal of Sociology, vol. 55, 2011, pp. 97–120. JSTOR, Link: [http://www.jstor.org/stable/23345249]. Accessed 15 January 2025.</ref><ref name="nourzhanov" /> In Afghanistan, a "Tajik" is typically defined as any primarily [[Dari]]-speaking [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslim]] who refer to themselves by the region, province, city, town, or village that they are from,<ref>[https://info.publicintelligence.net/MCIA-AfghanCultures/Tajik.pdfCentral Asian Cultural Intelligence for Military Operations. Tajiks in Afghanistan.]</ref><ref name="barfield">[https://books.google.com/books?id=4VR0EAAAQBAJ], p. 26</ref> such as ''Badakhshi'', ''Baghlani'', ''Mazari'', ''Panjsheri'', ''Kabuli'', ''Herati'', ''Kohistani'', etc.<ref name="barfield" /><ref>{{cite web | url=https://nps.edu/web/ccs/ethnic-genealogies | title=Ethnic Identity and Genealogies - Program for Culture and Conflict Studies - Naval Postgraduate School }}</ref><ref name="LOC">{{cite web|url=http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-39.html|title=Afghanistan: Tajik|access-date=19 December 2007|author=Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress|year=1997|work=Country Studies Series|publisher=Library of Congress|archive-date=27 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194423/http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-39.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Although in the past, some non-[[Pashto]] speaking tribes were identified as Tajik, for example, the Furmuli.<ref>Bellew, Henry Walter (1891) ''An inquiry into the ethnography of Afghanistan'' The Oriental Institute, Woking, Butler & Tanner, Frome, United Kingdom, [https://archive.org/details/aninquiryintoet00goog/page/n130 page 126], {{OCLC|182913077}}</ref><ref>Markham, C. R. (January 1879) "The Mountain Passes on the Afghan Frontier of British India" ''Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography'' (New Monthly Series) 1(1): pp. 38–62, p.48</ref> By this definition, according to the [[The World Factbook|World Factbook]], Tajiks make up about 25–27% of [[Afghanistan]]'s population,<ref name="CIA-af">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/afghanistan/|title=Population of Afghanistan|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA)|work=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=9 August 2012|archive-date=4 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104184342/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/afghanistan/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="atlas-afghanistan-153">Country Factfiles.&nbsp;— Afghanistan, page 153. // Atlas. Fourth Edition. Editors: Ben Hoare, Margaret Parrish. Publisher: Jonathan Metcalf. First published in Great Britain in 2001 by Dorling Kindersley Limited. London: [[Dorling Kindersley]], 2010, 432 pages. {{ISBN|9781405350396}} "Population: 28.1 million<br />Religions: Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, other 1%<br />Ethnic Mix: Pashtun 38%, Tajik '''25%''', Hazara 19%, Uzbek, Turkmen, other 18%"</ref> but according to other sources, they form 37–39% of the population.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/images/PollingUnit/1083a1Afghanistan2009.pdf|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://abcnews.go.com/images/PollingUnit/1083a1Afghanistan2009.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2022|url-status=live|title=ABC NEWS/BBC/ARD poll&nbsp;– Afghanistan: Where Things Stand|pages=38–40|publisher=ABC News|location=Kabul, Afghanistan|access-date=29 October 2010}}</ref> Other sources however, for example the [[Encyclopædia Britannica]], state that they constitute about 12–20% of the population,<ref>Maley, William, ed. ''Fundamentalism reborn?: Afghanistan and the Taliban'', p. 170. NYU Press, 1998.</ref><ref name="Brit-Tajik">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/581024/Tajik|title=Tajik|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|quote=There were about 5,000,000 in Afghanistan, where they constituted about one-fifth of the population.|access-date=6 November 2011|archive-date=25 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125205057/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/581024/Tajik|url-status=live}}</ref> which is mostly excluding [[Persianization|Persianized ethnic groups]] like some [[Pashtuns]], [[Uzbeks]], [[Qizilbash]], [[Aimaq people|Aimaqs]] etc. who, especially in large urban areas like [[Kabul]] or [[Herat]], assimiliated into the respective local culture.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xx3_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT501 |title=Afghanistan's Experiences: The History of the Most Horrifying Events Involving Politics, Religion, and Terrorism |isbn=978-1-5049-8614-4 |last1=D |first1=Hamid Hadi M. |date=24 March 2016|publisher=AuthorHouse }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://countrystudies.us/afghanistan/50.htm | title=Afghanistan - Qizilbash }}</ref><ref>Fazel, S. M. (2017). ''Ethnohistory of the Qizilbash in Kabul: Migration, State, and a Shi'a Minority'' (Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University), p. 153.</ref> Tajiks (or Farsiwans respectively) are predominant in four of the largest cities in Afghanistan ([[Kabul]], [[Mazar-e Sharif]], [[Herat]], and [[Ghazni]]) and make up the [[qualified majority]] in the northern and western provinces of [[Badakhshan Province|Badakhshan]], [[Panjshir Province|Panjshir]] and [[Balkh Province|Balkh]], while making up significant portions of the population in [[Takhar Province|Takhar]], [[Kabul Province|Kabul]], [[Parwan Province|Parwan]], [[Kapisa Province|Kapisa]], [[Baghlan Province|Baghlan]], [[Badghis Province|Badghis]] and [[Herat province|Herat]]. Despite not being Tajik, the westernmost [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] [[Pashayi people]] of northeastern Afghanistan have deliberately been listed as Tajik by census takers and government agents. However, this is probably because Pashayi-speaking [[Nizari Isma'ilism|Nizari Isma’ilis]] refer to themselves as Tajik.<ref name="sil.org">{{Cite book |last=Lehr |first=Rachel |url=https://theswissbay.ch/pdf/Books/Linguistics/Mega%20linguistics%20pack/Indo-European/Indo-Aryan/Pashai%2C%20A%20Descriptive%20Grammar%20of%20%28Lehr%29.pdf |title=A Descriptive Grammar of Pashai: The Language and Speech Community of Darrai Nur |date=2014 |publisher=University of Chicago, Division of the Humanities, Department of Linguistics |isbn=978-1-321-22417-7 |language=en}}</ref>