Editing Skiing (section)

==Competition==
The following skiing disciplines are sanctioned by the [[International Ski and Snowboard Federation|FIS]]. Many have their own world cups and are included in the [[Winter Olympic Games]].
* [[Cross-country skiing (sport)|Cross-country]] – Encompasses a variety of formats for [[cross-country skiing]] races over courses of varying lengths. Races occur on [[homologated]], groomed courses designed to support classic (in-track) and free-style events, where skate skiing may be employed. The main competitions are the [[FIS Cross-Country World Cup]] and the [[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships]] (held only in odd-numbered years), and various cross-country skiing events have been incorporated into the Winter Olympics since its inception in [[1924 Winter Olympics|1924]]. The discipline also incorporates: cross-country [[ski marathon]] events, sanctioned by the [[Worldloppet Ski Federation]]; cross-country [[ski-orienteering]] events, sanctioned by the [[International Orienteering Federation]]; and [[biathlon]], a combination of cross-country skiing and [[rifle]] [[shooting sports|shooting]]. [[Paralympic cross-country skiing]] and [[paralympic biathlon]] are both included in the [[Winter Paralympic Games]].
* [[Ski jumping]] – Contested at the [[FIS Ski Jumping World Cup]], the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships (odd-numbered years only), the [[FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix]], and the [[FIS Ski Flying World Championships]]. Ski jumping has also been a regular Olympic discipline at every Winter Games since 1924.
* [[Nordic combined]] – A combination of cross-country skiing and ski jumping, this discipline is contested at the [[FIS Nordic Combined World Cup]], the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships (odd-numbered years only), and at the Winter Olympics.
* [[Alpine skiing]] – Includes [[Downhill (ski competition)|downhill]], [[Slalom skiing|slalom]], [[giant slalom]], [[Super-G|super giant slalom]] (super-G), and [[Para-alpine skiing|para-alpine]] events. There are also [[Alpine skiing combined|combined]] events where the competitors must complete one run of each event, for example; the Super Combined event consists of one run of super-G and one run of slalom skiing. The dual slalom event, where racers ski head-to-head, was invented in 1941 and has been a competitive event since 1960.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lizza|first=Chris I.|date=1997|title=The first dual slalom duel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qVgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA42|journal=Skiing Heritage Journal|language=en|publisher=International Skiing History Association|volume=10|issue=3|pages=42|issn=1082-2895}}</ref> Alpine skiing is contested at the [[FIS Alpine Ski World Cup]], the [[FIS Alpine World Ski Championships]] (held only in odd-numbered years), and the Winter Olympics. [[Para-alpine skiing]] is contested at the [[World Para Alpine Skiing Championships]] (odd-numbered years) and the Winter Paralympics.
* [[Speed skiing]] – Dating from 1898, with official records beginning in 1932 with an {{convert|89|mi/h|km/h|adj=on}} run by Leo Gasperi, this became an FIS discipline in the 1960s. It is contested at the FIS Speed Ski World Cup, and was demonstrated at the [[1992 Winter Olympics]] in [[Albertville]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Lipsyte|first=Robert|editor-last=Vizard|editor-first=Frank|title=Why a Curveball Curves: The Incredible Science of Sports|publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.|series=Popular mechanics|date=2009|pages=224|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-q9M4pe3kmUC&pg=PA173|isbn= 9781588167941}}</ref>
* [[Freestyle skiing]] – Includes [[mogul skiing]], [[Freestyle skiing#Aerial skiing|aerials]], [[ski cross]], [[half-pipe]], and [[slopestyle]]. The main freestyle competitions are the [[FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup]] and the [[FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships]] (held in odd-numbered years). The discipline was first demonstrated at the [[1988 Winter Olympics]] and was added to the Olympic programme in 1992. It became an Olympic sport in the [[2014 Winter Olympics|2014 Sochi Olympic games]] when the [[Slopestyle|Slope-style]] and [[Half-pipe skiing|Half pipe]] events were introduced.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/freestyle-skiing|title=Freestyle Skiing - Winter Olympic Sport|date=2019-11-26|website=International Olympic Committee|language=en|access-date=2019-12-05|archive-date=9 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109021757/https://www.olympic.org/freestyle-skiing|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Telemark skiing|Telemark]] – Named after the Telemark region of Norway, this discipline combines elements of Alpine and Nordic skiing. A relatively new competitive sport, Telemark racing is contested at the FIS Telemark World Cup and the FIS Telemark World Championships.
* [[Grass skiing]] – Originally developed as an alpine skiing training method, skiing on grass has become established as a skiing discipline in its own right. It is contested at the FIS Grass Skiing World Cup and the FIS Grass Ski World Championships.