Editing Sikhism (section)

===Liberation===
Guru Nanak's teachings are founded not on a final destination of heaven or hell but on a spiritual union with the ''Akal'', which results in [[salvation]] or ''[[Jivanmukta|jivanmukti]]'' ('enlightenment/liberation within one's lifetime'),<ref>{{cite book |last=Takhar |first=Opinderjit |title=Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups Among Sikhs |date=2005 |publisher=Ashgate |location=Burlington, Vermont |isbn=978-0-7546-5202-1 |page=143}}</ref> a concept also found in [[Hinduism]].<ref name="Grewal">{{cite book |last=Grewal |first=J. S. |url= https://archive.org/details/sikhsofpunjab0000grew/page/25 |title=The Sikhs of the Punjab |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |date=1998 |isbn=978-0-521-63764-0 |pages=25–36}}</ref> [[Guru Gobind Singh]] makes it clear that human birth is obtained with great fortune, and therefore one needs to be able to make the most of this life.<ref name=chahal2011>{{cite journal |last=Chahal |first=Amarjit Singh |title=Concept of Reincarnation in Guru Nanak's Philosophy |journal=Understanding Sikhism: The Research Journal |date=December 2011 |volume=13 |issue=1–2 |pages=52–59 |url=http://www.iuscanada.com/journal/archives/2011/j1312p52.pdf |access-date=29 November 2013 |archive-date=3 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203115118/http://www.iuscanada.com/journal/archives/2011/j1312p52.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Sikhs accept [[reincarnation]] and [[karma]] concepts found in [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism]], and [[Jainism]],<ref name="Reichberg2014p672" group="lower-roman">"As an Indian religion, Sikhism affirms transmigration, the continued rebirth after death". {{cite book |last=Brekke |first=Torkel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t3CFAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA672 |title=Religion, War, and Ethics: A Sourcebook of Textual Traditions |date=2014 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-139-95204-0 |editor1-last=Reichberg |editor1-first=G. M. |page=672 |editor2-last=Syse |editor2-first=H. |via=Google Books}}</ref><ref group="lower-roman">"Sikhism, Indian religion founded in the Punjab in the late 15th century." (McLeod 2019/1998).</ref><ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/classification-of-religions "Classification of Religions"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224218/https://www.britannica.com/topic/classification-of-religions|date=7 July 2015}}, ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] Online''.</ref> but do not necessarily infer a [[Metaphysics|metaphysical]] [[soteriology]] such as a state of "heaven" or "nirvana."<ref name=chahal2011 /><ref>{{cite book |last=Wilkinson|first=Philip|title=Religions|date=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley |isbn=978-0-7566-3348-6|pages=209, 214–215}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=House |first=H. Wayne |title=Resurrection, Reincarnation, and Humanness |journal=Bibliotheca Sacra |date=April 1991 |volume=148 |issue=590 |url=http://www.hwhouse.com/images/Resurrection,_Reincarnation,_and_Humanness.pdf |access-date=29 November 2013 |archive-date=3 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203040501/http://www.hwhouse.com/images/Resurrection,_Reincarnation,_and_Humanness.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nevertheless, in Sikhism, both karma and liberation are "modified by the concept of God's grace" (''nadar, mehar, kirpa, karam'', etc.).<ref name="Grewal" /> Guru Nanak states that "the body takes birth because of karma, but salvation is attained through grace."<ref>{{cite book |last=Singh |first=H. S. |title=The Encyclopedia of Sikhism |publisher=Hemkunt Press |date=2000 |isbn=978-81-7010-301-1|page=80}}</ref> To get closer to God, Sikhs: avoid the evils of ''maya''; keep the everlasting truth in mind; practice ''[[Shabad (hymn)|shabad]] [[kirtan]]'' (musical recitation of hymns); [[meditate]] on ''[[Nām Japō|naam]]''; and serve humanity. Sikhs believe that being in the company of the ''[[satsang]]'' (association with ''sat'', 'true', people) or ''sadh sangat'' is one of the key ways to achieve liberation from the cycles of reincarnation.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kapoor |first=Sukhbir |title=Guru Granth Sahib: An Advanced Study |volume=I |date=2005 |publisher=Hemkunt Press |isbn=978-81-7010-317-2 |page=188}}</ref> The [[Sikhs|Sikh]] community may be seen to correspond to [[Anthony D. Smith|A.D. Smith's]] definition of a politicized community, sharing common ancestry myths and historical memories of [[martyr]]dom and persecution under successive rulers.<ref name="Shani 1–17">{{Cite journal |last=Shani |first=Giorgio |date=March 2000 |title=The Construction of a Sikh National Identity |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/026272800002000101 |journal=South Asia Research |language=en |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=1–17 |doi=10.1177/026272800002000101 |issn=0262-7280 |s2cid=144560083}}</ref>