Editing Seleucus VI Epiphanes (section)

==Death and legacy==
[[File:Seleucus VI's statue.jpg|thumb|264px|alt=Drawing of an inscription in Ancient Greek.|Drawing of an inscription found on the base of statue erected on the island of [[Delos]] for Seleucus VI (reconstructed by [[Théophile Homolle]], 1884){{efn|In Greek:

{{poemquote|{{lang|grc|[Βασιλ]έα Σ[έλευκον Ἐπιφανῆ]
[βασιλ]έως Ἀν[τιόχου Φιλομήτορος]
[Διον]ύσιος [...]
[Ἀθη]ναῖος τ[...]
[Ἀπό]λλωνι, Ἀ[ρτέμιδι, Λητοῖ].}}}}

English translation:

{{poemquote|(implied: Dedicated to the) King S[eleukos Epiphanes],
(son) of king An[tiochos Philometor],
[Dion]ysios [...]
the [Athe]nian [...]
to [Apo]llo, A[rtemis, Leto].}}}}]]
[[File:Jugate coin of Antiochos XI and Philip I.jpg|thumb|264px|alt=Coin minted by [[Antiochus XI Epiphanes|Antiochus XI]] and [[Philip I Philadelphus|Philip I]]. The obverse depict them together with Antiochus XI appearing ahead of Philip. The reverse contain the kings' names to the right and their epithets to the left. In the middle of the reverse, Zeus is depicted sitting on a throne holding a sceptre and holding a Nike in his hand which is stretched toward the inscription of the epithets.|[[Jugate]] coin of [[Antiochus XI Epiphanes|Antiochus XI]] and [[Philip I Philadelphus|Philip I]], who sought revenge for the death of their brother Seleucus VI]]

Described by the 2nd-century historian [[Appian]] as "violent and extremely tyrannical",{{sfn|Langer|1994|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=m87841o3StQC&pg=PA244 244]}} Seleucus VI took shelter in Mopsuestia,{{sfn|Ogden|1999|p= 154}} and attempted to tax the residents again, which led to his death during riots.{{sfn|Houghton|1998|p= 66}}{{sfn|Bellinger|1949|pp= 73–74}} The year of his demise is not clear; Eusebius placed it in 216 SE (97/96 BC), which is impossible considering that a market weight of Seleucus VI from Antioch dated to 218 SE (95/94 BC) has been discovered. The 4th-century historian [[Jerome]] has 219 SE (94/93 BC) as the year of Seleucus VI's demise, which is more plausible.{{sfn|Hoover|2007|p= 289}} The year 94{{spaces}}BC is the academically accepted date for the death of Seleucus VI.{{sfnm|1a1=Houghton|1a2=Lorber|1a3=Hoover|1y=2008|1p=551|2a1=Houghton|2y=1987|2p=79|3a1=Lorber|3a2=Iossif|3y=2009|3pp=102–103|4a1=Roussel|4a2=Launey|4y=1937|4p=47|5a1=Habicht|5y=2006|5p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=DC0QP77vIP4C&pg=PA172 172]|6a1=Wright|6y=2011|6p=42}} No spouse or children were recorded for Seleucus VI.{{sfn|Ogden|1999|p= 156}} According to the 1st-century biographer [[Plutarch]], the 1st-century BC [[Roman Republic|Roman]] general [[Lucullus]] said that the [[Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)|Armenian]] king, [[Tigranes the Great|Tigranes II]], who conquered Syria in 83{{spaces}}BC, "put to death the successors of [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleucus]], and [carried] off their wives and daughters into captivity". Given the fragmentary nature of ancient sources regarding the late Seleucid period, the statement of Lucullus leaves open the existence of a wife or daughter of Seleucus VI.{{sfn|Dumitru|2016|pp= 269–270}}

Ancient traditions preserve three accounts regarding Seleucus VI's death: the oldest, by Josephus, has a mob burning the king and his courtiers in the royal palace. Appian shares the burning account but has the city's gymnasium as the scene. According to Eusebius, Seleucus VI discovered the intention of the residents to burn him, and took his own life. Bellinger considered the account of Josephus to be the most probable; he noted that Eusebius presented suicide accounts for other Seleucid kings who were recorded as having been killed by other historians, such as [[Alexander Balas|Alexander I]] and Antiochus IX. Bellinger believed that the 3rd-century historian [[Porphyry (philosopher)|Porphyry]], the source of Eusebius' stories about the Seleucids, was attempting to "tone down somewhat the horrors of the Seleucid house".{{sfn|Bellinger|1949|p= 74}}

The city of [[Athens]] shared a close relation with the Seleucid kings, and statues of Syrian monarchs set up by Athenian citizens on the island of [[Delos]] testify to this;{{sfn|Habicht|2006|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=DC0QP77vIP4C&pg=PA171 171]}} a citizen named Dionysius dedicated a statue for Seleucus VI between 96 and 94{{spaces}}BC.{{#tag:ref|The inscription is damaged; it was reconstructed by [[Théophile Homolle]],{{sfn|Roussel|Launey|1937|p= 47}} then by [[Pierre Roussel (epigrapher)|Pierre Roussel]], who read the damaged king's name as "Seleucus".{{sfn|Roussel|1916|p= [https://archive.org/stream/deloscolonieathe111rous#page/66/mode/2up 67]}} Homolle identified the king as Seleucus VI and this identification has been accepted by many scholars, including Roussel.{{sfn|Roussel|Launey|1937|p= 47}}|group=note}}{{sfn|Habicht|2006|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=DC0QP77vIP4C&pg=PA172 172]}}{{sfn|Grainger|1997|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=eqxipjRXCf4C&pg=PA65 65]}} In deference to his late brother, King [[Antiochus XI Epiphanes|Antiochus XI]] adopted the epithet ''Philadelphus'' (brother loving).{{sfn|Coloru|2015|p= 177}} Along with his twin [[Philip I Philadelphus|Philip I]], Antiochus XI proceeded to avenge Seleucus VI; the brothers sacked and destroyed Mopsuestia.{{sfn|Houghton|1987|p= 79}} Antiochus XI then headed to Antioch in 93{{spaces}}BC and expelled Antiochus X.{{sfn|Houghton|Lorber|Hoover|2008|p= 573}}