Editing Salzgitter (section)

===1300–1982===
Salzgitter originated in the beginning of the 14th century around salt springs near the village Verpstedt (later Vöppstedt). The name was derived from the neighbouring village Gitter (nowadays a city borough) as "up dem solte to Gytere", which means "salt near Gitter"; the first mention was in 1347. After 200 years of salt production at various springs, the [[peasant]]s in the area which is nowadays Salzgitter were chartered around 1350, but lost municipal law again when being transferred to the [[Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg]] in the beginning of the 16th century. Later, Salzgitter belonged to the [[Bishopric of Hildesheim|diocese of Hildesheim]]. When the diocese was transferred to [[Prussia]] in 1803, the municipal law was reconfirmed, but taken away once more in 1815, when Salzgitter became part of the [[Kingdom of Hanover]]. In 1830, a brine bath was established in Salzgitter.

After the Kingdom of Hanover was transferred to Prussia in 1866, Salzgitter became a Prussian municipality, which was chartered again in 1929. Prior to that, the towns Vorsalz and Liebenhall had been incorporated (in 1926 and 1928, respectively). Salzgitter now belonged to the [[Landkreis]] (district) of Goslar and included, apart from Salzgitter itself, also some small settlements like Gittertor, which is nowadays part of Salzgitter-Bad. In 1936, Kniestedt was incorporated; it is also part of Salzgitter-Bad now.

[[File:KZ-Außenlager Salzgitter-Drütte Gedenkstätte Hochstraße 2010-04-11.jpg|thumb|left|Salzgitter-Drütte concentration camp memorial]]
Due to the large [[iron ore]] body in Salzgitter, which had been mentioned first in 1310, the [[National Socialist German Workers Party|National Socialists]] founded the "[[Reichswerke Hermann Göring]]" for ore mining and [[ironworks|iron production]] in 1937. In order to facilitate an unobstructed development of the smelting works, a unique [[Administration (government)|administration]] structure in the whole area was conceived. Therefore, it was decreed in the ''Order about the area settlement around the Hermann-Göring-Werke Salzgitter'', effective from 1 April 1942, to form a unified city district ([[independent city]]). Towards this aim, the town of Salzgitter and the municipalities Beinum, Flachstöckheim, Groß-Mahner, Hohenrode, Ohlendorf and Ringelheim (7 in total, all belonging to the [[Goslar (district)|Landkreis Goslar]]) and Barum, Beddingen, Bleckenstedt, Bruchmachtersen, Calbecht, Drütte, Engelnstedt, Engerode, Gebhardshagen, Hallendorf, Heerte, Immendorf, Lebenstedt, Lesse, Lichtenberg, Lobmachtersen, Osterlinde, Reppner, Salder, Thiede-Steterburg (nowadays simply Thiede) and Watenstedt (21 in total, all belonging to the [[Wolfenbüttel (district)|Landkreis Wolfenbüttel]]) were merged to form the ''Stadtkreis Watenstedt-Salzgitter''. As the neighbouring municipality Gitter had already been incorporated in 1938, the young city initially comprised 29 boroughs in 1942. Together with the remainder of the district of Goslar, the new independent municipality was integrated into the [[Free State of Brunswick]]. In return, Braunschweig transferred the [[Holzminden (district)|Landkreis Holzminden]] to the Prussian [[Province of Hanover]]. In October, 1942, the [[SS]] established the Drütte concentration camp, a subcamp of the [[Neuengamme concentration camp]], to provide [[slave labour]] for the Hermann Göring Works.<ref>United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, ''Holocaust Encyclopedia.'' [http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?ModuleId=10005539 Neuengamme]. Accessed 18 April 2007.</ref> This large subcamp held 2,800 inmates. There were three concentration camps located in Salzgitter. During the war, Salzgitter was severely damaged by several [[United States|American]] and [[United Kingdom|British]] [[bombing]]s. After the war, the State of Braunschweig became part of the [[States of Germany|Land]] [[Lower Saxony]], and Watenstedt-Salzgitter became an Independent City in the "Administrative District of Braunschweig" (later [[Regierungsbezirk]] [[Braunschweig (region)|Braunschweig]]).

[[File:Grube Gitter-Georg - Schacht Georg - Totalansicht 1961.jpg|thumb|Georg mine in Salzgitter in 1961]]
In 1951, the city was renamed to "Stadt Salzgitter" (City of Salzgitter), while the borough Salzgitter was renamed to "Salzgitter-Bad", referring to the brine bath there. In the course of the local administrative reform of Lower-Saxony effective from 1 March 1974, the municipalities Üfingen and Sauingen (formerly Landkreis Wolfenbüttel) were incorporated, increasing the number of boroughs to 31. Iron ore continued to be mined in Salzgitter until 1982; in the former [[mining|mine]] ''[[Konrad mine|Schacht Konrad]]'' (Konrad mine), an [[Deep geological repository|ultimate disposal place]] for [[radioactive waste]] has been planned since 1975.