Editing Ruby (programming language) (section)

=== Ruby 3 ===

Ruby 3.0.0 was released on [[Christmas]] Day in 2020.<ref name="Ruby 3.0.0 Released"/> It is known as Ruby 3x3, which signifies that programs would run three times faster in Ruby 3.0 comparing to Ruby 2.0.<ref>{{cite web |last=Scheffler |first=Jonan |date=10 November 2016 |title=Ruby 3x3: Matz, Koichi, and Tenderlove on the future of Ruby Performance |url=https://blog.heroku.com/ruby-3-by-3 |access-date=18 May 2019 |website=Ruby |language=en-US |archive-date=10 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510225935/https://blog.heroku.com/ruby-3-by-3 |url-status=live }}</ref> and some had already implemented in intermediate releases on the road from 2 to 3. To achieve 3x3, Ruby 3 comes with MJIT, and later YJIT, Just-In-Time Compilers, to make programs faster, although they are described as experimental and remain disabled by default (enabled by flags at runtime).

Another goal of Ruby 3.0 is to improve [[Concurrency (computer science)|concurrency]] and two more utilities Fibre Scheduler, and experimental Ractor facilitate the goal.<ref name="Ruby 3.0.0 Released"/> Ractor is light-weight and thread-safe as it is achieved by exchanging messages rather than shared objects.

Ruby 3.0 introduces RBS language to describe the types of Ruby programs for [[Static program analysis|static analysis]].<ref name="Ruby 3.0.0 Released"/> It is separated from general Ruby programs.

There are some syntax enhancements and library changes in Ruby 3.0 as well.<ref name="Ruby 3.0.0 Released"/>

Ruby 3.1 was released on 25 December 2021.<ref name="Ruby 3.1.0 Released" /> It includes YJIT, a new, experimental, Just-In-Time Compiler developed by [[Shopify]], to enhance the performance of real world business applications. A new [[debugger]] is also included. There are some syntax enhancements and other improvements in this release. Network libraries for [[FTP]], [[SMTP]], [[IMAP]], and [[Post Office Protocol|POP]] are moved from default gems to bundled gems.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2021/12/25/ruby-3-1-0-released//|title=Ruby 3.1.0 Released|access-date=2021-12-26|archive-date=2021-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226065055/https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2021/12/25/ruby-3-1-0-released//|url-status=live}}</ref>

Ruby 3.2 was released on 25 December 2022.<ref name="Ruby 3.2.0 Released">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2022/12/25/ruby-3-2-0-released/|title=Ruby 3.2.0 Released|access-date=2022-12-25|archive-date=2022-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225084459/https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2022/12/25/ruby-3-2-0-released/|url-status=live}}</ref> It brings support for being run inside of a [[WebAssembly]] environment via a WASI interface. [[Regular expression]]s also receives some improvements, including a faster, [[Memoization|memoized]] matching algorithm to protect against certain [[ReDoS]] attacks, and configurable timeouts for regular expression matching. Additional debugging and syntax features are also included in this release, which include syntax suggestion, as well as error highlighting. The MJIT compiler has been re-implemented as a standard library module, while the YJIT, a [[Rust (programming language)|Rust]]-based [[Just-in-time compilation|JIT]] compiler now supports more architectures on Linux.

Ruby 3.3 was released on 25 December 2023.<ref name="Ruby 3.3.0 Released">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2023/12/25/ruby-3-3-0-released/|title=Ruby 3.3.0 Released|access-date=2023-12-25|archive-date=2023-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225071449/https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2023/12/25/ruby-3-3-0-released/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ruby 3.3 introduces significant enhancements and performance improvements to the language. Key features include the introduction of the Prism parser for portable and maintainable parsing, the addition of the pure-Ruby JIT compiler RJIT, and major performance boosts in the YJIT compiler. Additionally, improvements in memory usage, the introduction of an M:N thread scheduler, and updates to the standard library contribute to a more efficient and developer-friendly Ruby ecosystem.

Ruby 3.4 was released on 25 December 2024.<ref name="Ruby 3.4.0 Released">{{cite web|url=https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2024/12/25/ruby-3-4-0-released/ |title=Ruby 3.4.0 Released |date=2024-12-25 |access-date=2025-04-12}}</ref> Ruby 3.4 adds <code>it</code> block parameter reference, changes Prism as default parser, adds [[Happy Eyeballs]] Version 2 support to socket library, improves YJIT, adds modular Garbage Collector and so on.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.4/NEWS_md.html |title=NEWS - Documentation for Ruby 3.4 |access-date=2025-04-12}}</ref>