Editing Rostock (section)

===20th century===
In the 20th century, important aircraft manufacturing facilities were situated in the city, such as the [[Arado Flugzeugwerke]] in [[Warnemünde]] and the [[Heinkel]] Works with facilities at various places, including their secondary [[Vienna International Airport|''Heinkel-Süd'' facility in Schwechat, Austria]], as the original Heinkel firm's Rostock facilities had been renamed ''Heinkel-Nord''. The world's first [[Heinkel He 178|airworthy jet plane prototype]] made its test flights at their facilities in what used to be named the ''Rostock''-{{ill|Marienehe|lt=''Marienehe''|de}} neighborhood (today's ''Rostock''-[[:de:Schmarl|''Schmarl'']] community, along the west bank of the [[Unterwarnow]] estuary).

In the early 1930s, the Nazi Party gained in popularity among Rostock's voters, many of whom had suffered economic hardship during the 1920s. In [[German federal election, July 1932|elections]] in the summer of 1932, when the Nazis achieved 37.3 percent, their greatest national showing in a free election, they polled 40.3 percent in Rostock. A year later, after the [[Nazi seizure of power]] and the suppression of other political parties, the Rostock city council (''Stadtrat'') was composed entirely of Nazis. During ''[[Kristallnacht]]'' on 10 November 1938, the synagogue in Rostock's Augustenstrasse was destroyed by arson and dozens of Jews were beaten and imprisoned.

Feverish rearmament by the Nazi regime boosted Rostock's industrial importance in the late 1930s, and employment soared at the [[Heinkel]] and [[Arado Flugzeugwerke|Arado]] factories, and at the Neptunwerft shipyard. The city's population grew from 100,000 in 1935 to 121,192 in 1939.

{{anchor|Allied air attacks}}During [[World War II]], Rostock was subjected to repeated and increasingly heavy bombing attacks, especially by the British [[Royal Air Force]]. Targets included the Heinkel and Arado plants and the shipyard, but churches and other historic structures in the city centre were also heavily damaged, among them the 14th-century Nikolaikirche (St Nicholas Church) and Jakobikirche (St Jacob's Church). The ruins of the latter were pulled down in 1960.

The city was eventually captured by the Soviet [[2nd Belorussian Front]] on 2 May 1945 during the [[Battle of the Oder–Neisse|Stettin-Rostock offensive operation]].

After the war, Rostock – now in the [[German Democratic Republic]] – became East Germany's largest seaport. The state expanded the national shipyards in the district of [[Warnemünde]]. The city's population, boosted in part by resettled ethnic German refugees who had been expelled from territories in the east, increased in the GDR years to a peak of 260,000. Following the [[German reunification|reunification]] of Germany in 1990, Rostock lost its privileged position as the No. 1 port of the GDR, and the city's population declined to about 200,000. However, after 2006, the population increased again. Today, Rostock and Warnemünde are significant tourist destinations on the Baltic Sea.

In August 1992, Rostock was the site of the xenophobic [[Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots]], during which asylum seekers were attacked by right-wing extremists.

<gallery widths="100px" heights="100px">
Lisch-Rostock Beginenberg.jpg|Depiction of Rostock in 1845
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1985-0306-032, Rostock, zerstörte Krämerstrasse.jpg|Rostock bomb damage, 1942
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H28029, Rostock, Marktplatz mit Rathaus.jpg|City hall, Market Square after war
Rostock Panorama Nikolaikirche nach Norden 2011-03-08.jpg|Rostock in 2011
Rostock asv2018-05 img47 Steintor.jpg|The 16th-century ''Steintor'' city gate
Rostock Marienkirche 2011-03-08.jpg|St. Mary's Church (''Marienkirche''), 2011
</gallery>