Editing Robert Estienne (section)

===Geneva===
On his arrival at Geneva, Robert Estienne published a defense against the attacks of the Sorbonne in 1552 called his ''Réponse''.{{sfn|Amert|2012|p=212}} It was first published in Latin. He later translated it into French and published it again.{{sfn|Butterworth|2010|p=161}} The central theme of his ''Réponse'' is that the Sorbonne had a great ability to persuade or intimidate people.{{sfn|Butterworth|2010|p=166}} Estienne established his printing firm in Geneva and his brother Charles helped run the firm in Paris. However, after Charles died in a debtors' prison, Robert II (the son of Robert I) took over the business.{{sfn|Steinberg|1996|p=41}} In Geneva, Estienne issued the French Bible in 1553 and many of [[John Calvin]]'s writings,{{sfn|Armstrong|1986|p=228}} including the ''[[Institutes of the Christian Religion|Institutio]]'' in 1553.<ref>{{harvnb|Armstrong|1986|p=229}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Robert Estienne (1503-1559) |url=https://www.museeprotestant.org/en/notice/robert-estienne-1503-1559-2/ |website=Musee Protestant |publisher=Protestant Museum |access-date=15 May 2019}}</ref> His 1556 edition of the Latin Bible contained the translation of the Old Testament by [[Santes Pagninus]]{{sfn|Pietkiewicz|2015|p=44}} and the first edition of [[Theodore Beza]]'s Latin edition of the New Testament.{{sfn|Maruyama|1978|p=6}} In 1556 he became a citizen of the [[Republic of Geneva#History|Republic of Geneva]],{{sfn|Armstrong|1986|p=219}} where he died on 7 September 1559.{{sfn|Michaud|1854|p=110}} Estienne's other sons, Henri II and François, helped Estienne run the shop in Geneva after the death of Estienne.{{sfn|Steinberg|1996|p=41}} Robert Estienne was one of the most successful printers in the Estienne family,{{sfn|Michaud|1854|p=109}} and one of the best scholars of the time.{{sfn|Thomas|1870|p=938}} It was in part, due to Estienne that the reign of Francis I was considered the "Golden Age of French Typography."{{sfn|Steinberg|1996|p=39}}[[File:Estienne.jpg|thumb|Robert Estienne's mark ([[Biblioteca europea di informazione e cultura|BEIC]])]]