Editing Richard I of England (section)

===Coronation and anti-Jewish violence===
[[File:Richard Löwenhez, Salbung zum König.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Richard I being anointed during his coronation in [[Westminster Abbey]] in 1189, from a 13th-century chronicle]]
{{Anchor|Attacks on Jews}}
Richard I was officially invested as [[Duke of Normandy]] on 20 July 1189 and crowned king in [[Westminster Abbey]] on 3 September 1189.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gillingham|2002|p=107}}</ref> Tradition barred all Jews and women from the investiture, but some Jewish leaders arrived to present gifts for the new king.{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|pp=94–95}} According to Ralph of Diceto, Richard's courtiers stripped and flogged the Jews, then flung them out of court.<ref name=FloriF_95>{{Harvnb|Flori|1999f|p=95}}</ref>

When a rumour spread that Richard had ordered all Jews to be killed, the people of London attacked the Jewish population.<ref name=FloriF_95/> Many Jewish homes were destroyed by [[arson]]ists, and several Jews were [[forcibly converted]].<ref name=FloriF_95/> Some sought sanctuary in the [[Tower of London]], and others managed to escape. Among those killed was [[Jacob of Orléans]], a respected Jewish scholar.<ref>{{Harvnb|Graetz|Bloch|1902}}{{Page needed|date=September 2010}}</ref> Roger of Howden, in his ''{{Lang|la|Gesta Regis Ricardi}}'', claimed that the jealous and bigoted citizens started the rioting, and that Richard punished the perpetrators, allowing a forcibly converted Jew to return to his native religion. [[Baldwin of Forde]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], reacted by remarking, "If the King is not God's man, he had better be the [[devil]]'s".<ref>
{{Harvnb|Flori|1999f|pp=465–466}} As cited by Flori, the chronicler Giraud le Cambrien reports that Richard was fond of telling a tale according to which he was a descendant of a countess of Anjou who was, in fact, the fairy Melusine, concluding that his family "came from the devil and would return to the devil".
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[[File:Silver penny of Richard I (YORYM 2000 2147) obverse.jpg|thumb|Silver penny of Richard I, York Museums Trust]]

Offended that he was not being obeyed, and aware that the attacks could destabilise his realm on the eve of his departure on crusade, Richard ordered the execution of those responsible for the most heinous murders and persecutions, including rioters who had accidentally burned down Christian homes.{{Sfn|Flori|1999f|pp=319–320}} He distributed a royal [[writ]] demanding that the Jews be left alone. The edict was only loosely enforced, however, and the following March further violence occurred, including a [[history of the Jews in England (1066–1290)#Massacres at London and York (1189–1190)|massacre at York]].<ref name=Graetz1902_40916>{{Harvnb|Graetz|Bloch|1902|pages=409–416}}</ref>