Editing Power-to-weight ratio (section)

===Engines===

====Heat engines and heat pumps====
Thermal energy is made up from [[Sensible heat|molecular]] [[kinetic energy]] and [[Latent heat|latent]] [[Phase (matter)|phase]] energy. [[Heat engine]]s are able to convert thermal energy in the form of a temperature gradient between a hot source and a cold sink into other desirable [[Work (physics)|mechanical work]]. [[Heat pump]]s take [[Work (physics)|mechanical work]] to regenerate thermal energy in a temperature gradient. Standard definitions should be used when interpreting how the propulsive power of a jet or rocket engine is transferred to its vehicle.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! rowspan=2 |[[Heat engine]]/[[Heat pump]] type
! colspan=2 |Peak power output
! colspan=2 |Power-to-weight ratio
! rowspan=2 class="unsortable" |Example use
|-
!data-sort-type=number |SI
!data-sort-type=number |English
!data-sort-type=number |SI
!data-sort-type=number |English
|-
| [[Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C|Wärtsilä RTA96-C]] 14-cylinder [[two-stroke diesel engine]]<ref name=":0">{{cite press release|url=http://www.wartsila.com/,en,press,0,tradepressrelease,8F51527F-00A3-4C5F-ABEA-B543789ACA1B,26EE6684-06C9-48B3-920A-3B238B7C302A,,.htm|title=The world's most powerful Engine enters service|publisher=[[Wärtsilä]]|date=2006-09-12|access-date=2010-01-12|archive-date=2013-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801023302/http://www.wartsila.com/,en,press,0,tradepressrelease,8F51527F-00A3-4C5F-ABEA-B543789ACA1B,26EE6684-06C9-48B3-920A-3B238B7C302A,,.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{convert|80080|kW|kW|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|108,920|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.03&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.02&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Emma Mærsk]] [[container ship]]
|-
| [[Rotax|ROTAX]] 900 ACE 60 900 cc, 3-cylinder, 4-stroke, naturally-aspirated [[marine engine]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rotax.com/en/products/rotax-powertrains/details/rotax-900-ace-marine.html|title=Powertrains Detail|website=www.rotax.com|access-date=2021-05-26|archive-date=2021-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515193523/https://www.rotax.com/en/products/rotax-powertrains/details/rotax-900-ace-marine.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 45&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|60|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.24&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.15&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Sea-Doo]] SPARK 2 UP<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sea-doo.com/us/en/models/rec-lite/spark.html|title=Sea-Doo SPARK|website=www.sea-doo.com}}</ref> 2021
|-
| [[Suzuki]] 538&nbsp;cc V-2 [[four-stroke]] petrol [[outboard motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.suzukimarine.com/sr_09/df25/features/|title=Suzuki Marine&nbsp;– DF25&nbsp;– Features and Specifications|access-date=January 12, 2010|publisher=[[Suzuki]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131071546/http://www.suzukimarine.com/sr_09/df25/features/|archive-date=January 31, 2010}}</ref>
| 19&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|25|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.27&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.16&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Runabout (boat)|Runabout boats]]
|-
| [[United States Department of Energy|DOE]]/[[NASA]]/0032-28 Mod 2 502&nbsp;cc petrol [[Stirling engine]]<ref name="nasa_ase">{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19880002196_1988002196.pdf|title=Automotive Stirling Engine&nbsp;– Mod II Design Report|author=Noel P. Nightingale|publisher=[[NASA]] Lewis Research Center|access-date=July 16, 2010|date=October 1986|archive-date=February 22, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222135626/http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19880002196_1988002196.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 62.3&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|83.5|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.30&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.18&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Chevrolet Celebrity]]{{Cref2|•}} 1985 ('one-off' prototype) 
|-
| [[Yamaha Motor Company|Yamaha]] TR-1 [[Straight-three engine|3-cylinder]], 4-stroke, [[marine engine]], 1049 cc<ref>{{cite web|title=SuperJet|url=https://www.yamahawaverunners.com/waverunner/series/stand-up/superjet/|access-date=2021-05-13|website=www.yamahawaverunners.com|archive-date=2021-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511202809/https://www.yamahawaverunners.com/waverunner/series/stand-up/superjet/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 74.5&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|100|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.44&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.27&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Yamaha SuperJet]] 2021
|- 
| [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries Motorcycle & Engine|Kawasaki]] 1498 cc [[Supercharger|supercharged]], [[Intercooler|intercooled]], 4-stroke, [[Straight-four engine|4-cylinder]], DOHC<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kawasaki.com/en-us/watercraft/jet-ski/jet-ski-3-passenger-supercharged/jet-ski-ultra-310/2021-jet-ski-ultra-310lx|title=2021 Kawasaki Jet Ski Ultra 310LX {{pipe}} PWC {{pipe}} Supercharged Power|website=www.kawasaki.com|access-date=2021-05-26|archive-date=2021-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421041504/https://www.kawasaki.com/en-us/watercraft/jet-ski/jet-ski-3-passenger-supercharged/jet-ski-ultra-310/2021-jet-ski-ultra-310lx|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 231&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|310|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.47&nbsp;kW/kg 
| 0.29&nbsp;hp/lb<ref>{{cite web|date=2016-10-26|title=How Much Does a Jet Ski & Trailer Weigh?|url=https://www.steveninsales.com/much-jet-ski-trailer-weigh/|access-date=2021-05-13|website=Steven in Sales|archive-date=2021-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513172623/https://www.steveninsales.com/much-jet-ski-trailer-weigh/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries Motorcycle & Engine|Kawasaki]] ULTRA 310LX [[Jet Ski]]
|-
| [[Duramax V8 engine#LMM|GM Duramax LMM V-8]] 6.6&nbsp;L [[turbo-diesel]]<ref name="gmduramax"/>
| 246&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|330|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 0.65&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.40&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Chevrolet Kodiak]],{{Cref2|•}} [[GMC Topkick]]{{Cref2|•}}
|-
| [[Junkers Jumo 205]]A two-stroke, diesel, [[opposed-piston engine]]<ref>Jane's 1989, p. 294.</ref>
| 647&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|867|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 1.1&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.66&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Junkers Ju 86|Ju 86C-1 airliner]], [[Blohm & Voss Ha 139|B&V Ha 139 floatplane]]
|-
| [[General Electric LM2500|GE LM2500+]] marine [[turboshaft]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geae.com/engines/marine/pdfs/datasheet_lm2500plus.pdf|title=LM2500+ Marine Gas Turbine|publisher=[[GE Aviation]]|access-date=2010-01-25|archive-date=2011-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808163749/http://www.geae.com/engines/marine/pdfs/datasheet_lm2500plus.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 30,200&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|40,500|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 1.31&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.80&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Celebrity Millennium|GTS Millennium]] [[cruise ship]], [[RMS Queen Mary 2|QM2]] [[ocean liner]]
|-
| [[Mazda Wankel engine|Mazda 13B-MSP Renesis]] 1.3&nbsp;L [[Wankel engine]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mazda.com/mazdaspirit/rotary/about/|title=What Is A Rotary Engine?|access-date=January 12, 2010|website=[[Mazda]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117211438/http://www.mazda.com/mazdaspirit/rotary/about/|archive-date=January 17, 2010}}</ref>
| 184&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|247|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 1.5&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.92&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Mazda RX-8]]{{Cref2|•}}
|-
| [[Pratt & Whitney R-4360|PW R-4360]] 71.5&nbsp;L 28-cylinder [[Radial engine]] ([[supercharged]])
| 3,210&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|4,300|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 1.83&nbsp;kW/kg
| 1.11&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[B-50 Superfortress|B-50]], [[Convair B-36|B-36]], [[C-97 Stratofreighter|C-97]], [[C-119 Flying Boxcar|C-119]], [[Hughes H-4 Hercules|H-4]]
|-
| [[Wright R-3350]] 54.57&nbsp;L 18-Cylinder [[Turbo-compound engine|Turbo-compound]] radial engine
| 2,535&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|3,400|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 2.09&nbsp;kW/kg <!-- 1212 kg -->
| 1.27&nbsp;hp/lb <!-- 2670 lb -->
| [[B-29 Superfortress|B-29]], [[Douglas DC-7|DC-7]]
|-
| [[O.S. Engines]] 49-PI Type II 4.97&nbsp;cc [[Wankel engine]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osengines.com/engines/osmg1401.html|access-date=2010-01-08|publisher=[[O.S. Engines]]|title=UAV Wankel Engines|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104164033/http://osengines.com/engines/osmg1401.html|archive-date=2010-01-04}}</ref>
| 0.934&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|1.252|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 2.8&nbsp;kW/kg
| 1.7&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|UAV]], [[Model aircraft]], [[RC Aircraft]]
|-
| [[Aston Martin]]-[[Cosworth RA|Cosworth ''RA'']] [[V12 engine|V-12]] 6.5 L [[Naturally-aspirated engine|N/A]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cosworth.com/news/propulsion-news/aston-martin-valkyrie-v12-the-next-generation-in-hypercar-engines/|title=Hypercar Engines: Aston Martin Valkyrie V12|date=December 12, 2018|website=Cosworth|access-date=April 14, 2021|archive-date=December 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207160933/https://www.cosworth.com/news/propulsion-news/aston-martin-valkyrie-v12-the-next-generation-in-hypercar-engines/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cosworth.com/case_studies/aston-martin-valkyrie/|title=Aston Martin Valkyrie|website=Cosworth|access-date=2021-10-04|archive-date=2021-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004021410/https://www.cosworth.com/case_studies/aston-martin-valkyrie/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://media.astonmartin.com/aston-martin-valkyrie-v12-turns-the-hypercar-engine-up-to-11100/|title=Aston Martin Valkyrie V12 turns the hypercar engine up to 11,100|access-date=2021-10-04|archive-date=2021-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004021608/https://media.astonmartin.com/aston-martin-valkyrie-v12-turns-the-hypercar-engine-up-to-11100/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 746&nbsp;kW 
| {{convert|1000|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 3.62&nbsp;kW/kg
| 2.20&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Aston Martin Valkyrie]], {{Cref2|•}} [[sports car]]
|-
| JetCat SPT10-RX-H [[turboshaft]] engine<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jetcatusa.com/rc-turbines/turbine-details/spt10_rx_h/|access-date=2015-11-17|title=Turbine details for SPT10-RX-H|archive-date=2016-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222123236/http://www.jetcatusa.com/rc-turbines/turbine-details/spt10_rx_h/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 9&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|9|kW|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 3.67&nbsp;kW/kg
| 2.24&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|UAV]] [[Model aircraft]], [[RC Aircraft]]
|-
| [[General Electric LM6000|GE LM6000]] marine [[turboshaft]] engine<ref name="gelm6000">{{cite web|url=http://www.geae.com/engines/marine/pdfs/datasheet_lm6000.pdf|title=LM6000 Marine Gas Turbine|publisher=[[GE Aviation]]|access-date=2010-01-25|archive-date=2011-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808164111/http://www.geae.com/engines/marine/pdfs/datasheet_lm6000.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="gelm6000_cf680c2">{{cite web|url=http://www.geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/marine/marine_19950523c.html|publisher=[[GE Aviation]]|access-date=2010-01-25|title=GE's LM6000 Demonstrates Outstanding Reliability And Availability In First Two Years Of Commercial Service|archive-date=2010-12-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211120944/http://geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/marine/marine_19950523c.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 44,700&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|59,900|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 5.67&nbsp;kW/kg
| 3.38&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Peaking power plant]]
|-
| [[Bayerische Motoren Werke|BMW]] [[V10 engine|V-10]] 3 L [[BMW E41 / P80 engine|''P84/5'']] 2005 [[petrol engine]] N/A<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://www.statsf1.com/en/moteur-bmw.aspx|title=Engine BMW • STATS F1|website=www.statsf1.com|access-date=2021-05-26|archive-date=2021-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512232613/https://www.statsf1.com/en/moteur-bmw.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 708&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|950|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 7.96&nbsp;kW/kg
| 4.84&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Williams FW27]] car,{{Cref2|•}} [[Formula One]] auto racing
|-
| [[Bayerische Motoren Werke|BMW]] [[Straight-four engine|I-4]] 1.49 L [[BMW M12|''M12'']] 1986 [[turbo engine]]<ref name="BMW engines">{{cite web|url=http://www.allf1.info/engines/bmw.php|access-date=2010-01-08|publisher=All Formula One Info|title=BMW engines|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828111206/http://www.allf1.info/engines/bmw.php|archive-date=2008-08-28|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gtspirit.com/2014/05/31/the-most-powerful-f1-car-ever/|title=The Most Powerful F1 Car Ever&nbsp;– GTspirit|first=Chris|last=Wevers|date=31 May 2014}}</ref>
| 1030&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|1500|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 8.93&nbsp;kW/kg
| 5.43&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Arrows A9]] car,{{Cref2|•}} Formula One [[auto racing]]
|-
| [[Rolls-Royce T406]]/AE1107C [[turboshaft]] engine<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/AE1107C_tcm92-6702.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100816030624/http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/AE1107C_tcm92-6702.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2010-08-16 |title= AE 1107C- Liberty turboshaft |publisher= Rolls-Royce plc |date= 2009}}</ref>
| 4,586&nbsp;kW
| 6,150&nbsp;hp
| {{#expr:4586/440round2}}&nbsp;kW/kg
| {{#expr:6150/971round2}}&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[V-22]]
|-
| [[Top Fuel]] supercharged [[V8 engine|V-8]] ([[nitromethane]]) engine<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.enginelabs.com/news/video-test-shows-top-fuel-nitro-engine-makes-over-11000-horsepower/|title=Test Shows Top Fuel Engine Makes 11,000+ Horsepower|date=2015-12-08|work=EngineLabs|archive-date=2017-10-23|access-date=2018-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023055323/http://www.enginelabs.com/news/video-test-shows-top-fuel-nitro-engine-makes-over-11000-horsepower/|url-status=live}}</ref>{{failed verification|reason=no weight reported|date=November 2019}}
|8203&nbsp;kW
|11,000&nbsp;hp
|36.46&nbsp;kW/kg
|22.2&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[U.S. Army]] [[Top Fuel Dragster]]
|-
| [[Space Shuttle Main Engine|PWR RS-24 (SSME)]] Block I H<sub>2</sub> [[turbopump]]<ref name="ssmetpb1"/>
| 53,690&nbsp;kW
| {{convert|72,000|hp|hp|disp=output only|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| 153&nbsp;kW/kg <!-- 352 kg -->
| 93&nbsp;hp/lb <!-- 775 lb -->
| [[Space Shuttle]]
|}
{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=disc|colwidth=40em}}
{{Cnote2|•|n=0|Full vehicle power-to-weight ratio shown [[#Vehicles|below]]}}
{{Cnote2 End}}

====Electric motors and electromotive generators====
An [[electric motor]] uses [[electrical energy]] to provide [[Work (physics)|mechanical work]], usually through the interaction of a [[magnetic fields|magnetic field]] and [[Electrical conductor|current-carrying conductors]]. By the interaction of mechanical work on an electrical conductor in a magnetic field, [[electrical energy]] can be [[Electric generator|generated]].
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! rowspan=2 |[[Electric motor]] type
! colspan=2 data-sort-type=numeric |Weight
! colspan=2 data-sort-type=numeric |Peak power output
! colspan=2 |Power-to-weight ratio
! rowspan=2 class="unsortable" |Example use
|-
! SI
! English
! SI
! English
! data-sort-type=numeric |kW/kg
! data-sort-type=numeric |hp/lb
|-
| Kawak 4&nbsp;kW 28&nbsp;VDC [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC motor]]<ref>{{cite web |title=28VDC Electric Motors |url=https://kawakaviation.com/what-we-do/electric-motors/bldc-electric-motors/ |publisher=Kawak Aviation |access-date=23 November 2020 |archive-date=30 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030044134/https://kawakaviation.com/what-we-do/electric-motors/bldc-electric-motors/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{convert|11.8|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|4|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 0.29&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.18&nbsp;hp/lb
| Flight-rated motor for aircraft auxiliary systems (fuel pumps, etc.)
|-
| [[Panasonic]] MSMA202S1G [[AC motor#Two-phase AC servo motors|AC]] [[servo motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://industrial.panasonic.com/ww/i_e/25000/fa_pro_acs_minas_a4_e/fa_pro_acs_minas_a4_e/a4_16.pdf|title=Panasonic MINAS-A4 AC Servo&nbsp;– Motor Specifications and Ratings 200V MSMA|access-date=2010-01-26|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209114436/http://industrial.panasonic.com/ww/i_e/25000/fa_pro_acs_minas_a4_e/fa_pro_acs_minas_a4_e/a4_16.pdf|archive-date=2008-12-09}}</ref>
| {{convert|6.5|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|2|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 0.31&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.19&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Conveyor belt]]s, [[robotics]]
|-
| Kawak 7.5&nbsp;kW 208&nbsp;VAC 400&nbsp;Hz 3-phase [[synchronous motor]]<ref>{{cite web |title=400&nbsp;Hz Electric Motors&nbsp;– High Frequency AC Induction Motors for Aircraft |url=https://kawakaviation.com/what-we-do/electric-motors/400hz-electric-motors/ |publisher=Kawak Aviation |access-date=29 July 2018 |archive-date=6 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806131805/https://kawakaviation.com/what-we-do/electric-motors/400hz-electric-motors/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{convert|11.8|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|7.5|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 0.47&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.29&nbsp;hp/lb
| Flight-rated motor for aircraft auxiliary systems (fuel pumps, etc.)
|-
| [[Toshiba]] 660&nbsp;MVA water cooled 23&nbsp;kV AC [[turbo generator]]
| {{convert|1342|t|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|660|MW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 0.49&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.30&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Bayswater Power Station|Bayswater]], [[Eraring Power Station|Eraring]] [[coal-fired power station]]s
|-
| Canopy Tech. Cypress 32&nbsp;MW 15&nbsp;kV AC [[Permanent magnet|PM]] [[Electrical generator|generator]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://canopytechnologies.com/uploads/Cypress%20Family-Data%20Sheet.pdf|title=Cypress HPL Series Permanent Magnet Motors&nbsp;– Product Brochure|publisher=Canopy Technologies, LLC|access-date=2010-01-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016214030/http://canopytechnologies.com/uploads/Cypress%20Family-Data%20Sheet.pdf|archive-date=2015-10-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{convert|33,557|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|32|MW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 0.95&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.58&nbsp;hp/lb
| Electric [[power station]]s
|-
| Turncircles AF24PM–S [[axial flux motor]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Custom axial flux permanent magnet BLDC |url=https://turncircles.com/axial-flux-light-weight-custom-electric-motor |publisher=Turncircles |access-date=23 November 2020 |archive-date=24 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124212439/https://turncircles.com/axial-flux-light-weight-custom-electric-motor |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{convert|0.29|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|0.39|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 1.34&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.52&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Electric aircraft]]
|-
| [[Toyota]] [[Brushless AC electric motor|brushless AC]] [[Neodymium|Nd]][[Iron|Fe]][[Boron|B]] [[Permanent magnet|PM]] motor<ref>{{cite conference|url=http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/college-eps/metallurgy/research/Jewell.pdf|first=Geraint|last=Jewell|title=Permanent Magnet Machines and Actuators|book-title=Symposium on Materials for a Sustainable Future|date=2009-09-11|access-date=2010-05-14|pages=11–18|location=[[Birmingham]], England|publisher=Magnetic Materials Group, [[University of Birmingham]]|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235812/http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/college-eps/metallurgy/research/Jewell.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{convert|36.3|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|50|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 1.37&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 0.84&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Toyota Prius]]{{Cref2|•}} 2004
|-
| Himax HC6332-250 [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maxxprod.com/pdf/HC6320-250.pdf|title=Himax Brushless Outrunner Motor HC6332-250|access-date=2010-01-28|publisher=Maxx Products International, Inc.|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610185817/http://www.maxxprod.com/pdf/HC6320-250.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{convert|0.45|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|1.7|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 3.78&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 2.30&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Radio-controlled car]]s
|-
| [[Hi-Pa Drive]] HPD40 [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]] [[wheel hub motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmlflightlink.com/motors/hipa_drive.html |title=Hi-Pa Drive |access-date=2010-03-02 |publisher=[[PML Flightlink]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410050507/http://www.pmlflightlink.com/motors/hipa_drive.html |archive-date=April 10, 2009 }}</ref>
| {{convert|25|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|120|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 4.8&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 2.92&nbsp;hp/lb
| [[Mini (BMW)|Mini]] QED [[Hybrid electric vehicle|HEV]], [[Ford F150]] [[Hybrid electric vehicle|HEV]]
|-
| ElectriFly GPMG4805 [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://manuals.hobbico.com/gpm/gpmg4800-4805-manual.pdf|title=Great Planes ElectriFly RimFire 65cc 80-85-160 Brushless Outrunner Electric Motor|access-date=2015-06-23|archive-date=2018-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205063028/http://manuals.hobbico.com/gpm/gpmg4800-4805-manual.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|{{convert|1.48|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|8.4|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 5.68&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 3.45&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Radio-controlled aircraft]]
|-
| Rolls-Royce SP260D-A [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]]
|{{convert|44|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|260|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 5.9&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 3.6&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Electric aircraft]]
|-
|Tesla Model 3<ref name="youtube.com">{{Citation |title=Drive Unit: Motor {{!}} Tech Talks {{!}} Lucid Motors |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7IHZxNC6hc |language=en |access-date=2022-09-15 |archive-date=2022-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915022421/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7IHZxNC6hc |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{convert|40.1|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|250|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 6.26&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 3.82&nbsp;hp/lb
|Electric Vehicle
|-
| YASA-400 [[Brushless AC electric motor|brushless AC]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yasamotors.com/products/yasa-400/|title=YASA-400 Electric Motor Specification|access-date=2015-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701123257/http://www.yasamotors.com/products/yasa-400/|archive-date=2015-07-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{convert|24|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|165|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 6.875&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 4.18&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Electric vehicle]]s, [[Drive eO]]
|-
|Porsche Taycan<ref name="youtube.com"/>
|{{convert|47|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|350|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 7.5&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 4.55&nbsp;hp/lb
|Electric Vehicle
|-
| ElectriFly GPMG5220 [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]] motor<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.electrifly.com/motors/gpmg5105.html|title=Great Planes ElectriFly AMMO Inrunner Brushless Motors|access-date=2015-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502185610/http://www.electrifly.com/motors/gpmg5105.html|archive-date=2015-05-02|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{convert|0.133|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|1.035|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 7.78&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 4.73&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Radio-controlled aircraft]]
|-
| Remy HVH250-090-POC3 [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]] motor<ref>{{cite web|url=http://remyinc.com/docs/HVH250_r3_Sept_2010.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215000802/http://www.remyinc.com/docs/HVH250_r3_Sept_2010.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2010-12-15|title=HVH250 R3|access-date=2016-01-19}}</ref>
|{{convert|33.5|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|297|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 8.87&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 5.39&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Electric vehicle]]s
|-
| TP POWER TP100XL [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]] motor<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9FWghP22xgY |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9FWghP22xgY| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=TP POWER TP100XL|website=[[YouTube]]|access-date=2018-06-03}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
|{{convert|7|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|75|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 9.0&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 5.5&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Electric vehicle]]s
|-
| MAD V118 IPE V2.0<ref>{{cite web |title=V118 EVTOL UAV Drone Motor |url=https://mad-motor.com/products/mad-components-v118-vtol |website=MAD COMPONENTS |access-date=3 May 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
| {{convert|1.420|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|15.885|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|11.187|kW/kg|hp/lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| [[UAV]]
|-
| [[Emrax 268]] [[Brushless AC electric motor|brushless AC]] motor<ref>{{cite web|url=http://enstroj.si/Electric-products/emrax-268.html|title=EMRAX268|access-date=2015-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623214145/http://enstroj.si/Electric-products/emrax-268.html|archive-date=2015-06-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{convert|19.9|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|230|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 11.56&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 7.03&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Electric aircraft]]
|-
|Lucid Motors [[Brushless DC electric motor|brushless DC]] motor<ref name="youtube.com"/>
|{{convert|31.4|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|500|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 15.8&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 9.68&nbsp;hp/lb
|Electric vehicle
|-
|[https://www.h3x.tech/ H3X] HPDM-250, direct drive<ref>{{cite web |title=H3X {{!}} Electric Aircraft Propulsion |url=https://www.h3x.tech/#hdpm-250 |website=www.h3x.tech |access-date=5 February 2023 |archive-date=5 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205133218/https://www.h3x.tech/#hdpm-250 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{convert|13|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|250|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 19.23&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 11.70&nbsp;hp/lb
|[[Electric aircraft]]
|-
|eHelix SPM177-165, direct drive<ref>{{cite web |title=SPM177 Platform {{!}} Electric Motor {{!}} Helix UK |url=https://ehelix.com/products/spm177-electric-motor/ |website=Helix |access-date=5 February 2023 |language=en |archive-date=5 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205121700/https://ehelix.com/products/spm177-electric-motor/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{convert|25.7|kg|lb|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|650|kW|hp|disp=tablecen|sortable=on|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align:center" | 25.29&nbsp;kW/kg
| style="text-align:center" | 15.38&nbsp;hp/lb
|Electric vehicle
|}
{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=disc|colwidth=40em}}
{{Cnote2|•|n=0|Full vehicle power-to-weight ratio shown [[#Vehicles|below]]}}
{{Cnote2 End}}

====Fluid engines and fluid pumps====
[[Fluid|Fluids (liquid and gas)]] can be used to transmit and/or store energy using [[pressure]] and other fluid properties. [[Hydraulic|Hydraulic (liquid)]] and [[Pneumatic|pneumatic (gas)]] engines convert fluid pressure into other desirable [[Work (physics)|mechanical or electrical work]]. Fluid pumps convert mechanical or electrical work into movement or pressure changes of a fluid, or storage in a [[pressure vessel]].
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! rowspan=2|[[Fluid power]]plant type
! colspan=2|Dry weight
! colspan=2|Peak power output
! colspan=2|Power-to-weight ratio
!Example use
|-
! data-sort-type="number" | SI
! data-sort-type="number" | English
! data-sort-type="number" | SI
! data-sort-type="number" | English
! data-sort-type="number" | SI
! data-sort-type="number" | English
!
|-
| PlatypusPower Q2/200 [[Hydropower|hydroelectric]] [[water turbine|turbine]]<ref name="platypuspower">{{cite web|url=http://www.platypuspower.com.au/240specs.html|title=Platypus Power Micro Hydro Electric Generator&nbsp;– Specifications|publisher=Platypus Power|access-date=2010-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001190130/http://www.platypuspower.com.au/240specs.html|archive-date=2009-10-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 43&nbsp;kg
| 95&nbsp;lb
| 2&nbsp;kW
| 2.7&nbsp;hp
| 0.047&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.029&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| PlatypusPower PP20/200 [[Hydropower|hydroelectric]] [[water turbine|turbine]]<ref name="platypuspower"/>
| 330&nbsp;kg
| 728&nbsp;lb
| 20&nbsp;kW
| 27&nbsp;hp
| 0.060&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.037&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| [[Atlas Copco]] LZL 35 [[Compressed-air engine|pneumatic motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atlascopco.co.uk/Images/AirMotor_catalogue.ENG_tcm795-1610751.pdf|title=Atlas Copco Air motor catalogue, page 52&nbsp;– Product data at air pressure 6.3 bar (91 psi)&nbsp;– LZL 35 Unrestricted|publisher=[[Atlas Copco]]|access-date=2011-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401094336/http://www.atlascopco.co.uk/Images/AirMotor_catalogue.ENG_tcm795-1610751.pdf|archive-date=2012-04-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 20&nbsp;kg
| 44.1&nbsp;lb
| 6.5&nbsp;kW
| 8.7&nbsp;hp
| 0.33&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.20&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| [[Atlas Copco]] LZB 14 [[Compressed-air engine|pneumatic motor]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atlascopco.co.uk/ukus/products/navigationbyproduct/Product.aspx?id=1466515&productgroupid=1401305 |title=LZB 14 Technical data |website=[[Atlas Copco]] |access-date=2011-09-21 |archive-date=2013-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703141720/http://www.atlascopco.co.uk/ukus/products/navigationbyproduct/Product.aspx?id=1466515&productgroupid=1401305 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 0.30&nbsp;kg
| 0.66&nbsp;lb
| 0.16&nbsp;kW
| 0.22&nbsp;hp
| 0.53&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.33&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] 0 607 954 307 [[Compressed-air engine|pneumatic motor]]<ref name="boschpneumatics">{{cite web|url=http://www.boschproductiontools.com/iwboptocs2-en/category.htm?ccat_id=125831|title=Bosch Production Tools&nbsp;– Air Tools&nbsp;– Motors|website=[[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]]|access-date=2010-01-15|archive-date=2011-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004145543/http://www.boschproductiontools.com/iwboptocs2-en/category.htm?ccat_id=125831|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 0.32&nbsp;kg
| 0.71&nbsp;lb
| 0.1&nbsp;kW
| 0.13&nbsp;hp
| 0.31&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.19&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| [[Atlas Copco]] LZB 46 [[Compressed-air engine|pneumatic motor]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atlascopco.co.uk/ukus/products/navigationbyproduct/Product.aspx?id=1466765&productgroupid=1401305 |title=LZB 46 Technical data |website=[[Atlas Copco]] |access-date=2011-09-21 |archive-date=2013-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703150049/http://www.atlascopco.co.uk/ukus/products/navigationbyproduct/Product.aspx?id=1466765&productgroupid=1401305 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 1.2&nbsp;kg
| 2.65&nbsp;lb
| 0.84&nbsp;kW
| 1.13&nbsp;hp
| 0.7&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.43&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] 0 607 957 307 [[Compressed-air engine|pneumatic motor]]<ref name="boschpneumatics"/>
| 1.7&nbsp;kg
| 3.7&nbsp;lb
| 0.74&nbsp;kW
| 0.99&nbsp;hp
| 0.44&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.26&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| SAI GM7 [[Hydraulic motor#Radial piston motors|radial piston]] [[hydraulic motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saispa.com/pdf/gm-7.pdf|title=GM Series&nbsp;– GM7 Hydraulic Motor|publisher=SAI|author=SAI|access-date=2010-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616003424/http://www.saispa.com/pdf/gm-7.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 300&nbsp;kg
| 661&nbsp;lb
| 250&nbsp;kW
| 335&nbsp;hp
| 0.83&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.50&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| SAI GM3 [[Hydraulic motor#Radial piston motors|radial piston]] [[hydraulic motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saispa.com/pdf/gm-03.pdf|title=GM03 Motor&nbsp;– Extremely Compact Unit|publisher=SAI|author=SAI|access-date=2010-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616023118/http://www.saispa.com/pdf/gm-03.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 15&nbsp;kg
| 33&nbsp;lb
| 15&nbsp;kW
| 20&nbsp;hp
| 1&nbsp;kW/kg
| 0.61&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| Denison GOLD CUP P14 [[Hydraulic motor#Axial plunger motors|axial piston]] [[hydraulic motor]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.launchrun.com/hpd/pdfs/GOLDCUP_SalesCatalog_HY28-2667-01-GC-NA,EU.pdf|title=Denison GOLD CUP Product Catalog|publisher=Parker Hannifin Corporation|author=Parker Hannifin Corporation|access-date=2012-10-31|archive-date=2016-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309044739/http://launchrun.com/hpd/pdfs/goldcup_salescatalog_hy28-2667-01-gc-na,eu.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| 110&nbsp;kg
| 250&nbsp;lb
| 384&nbsp;kW
| 509&nbsp;hp
| 3.5&nbsp;kW/kg
| 2.0&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
| Denison TB [[Rotary vane pump|vane]] [[hydraulic pump|pump]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parker.com/literature/Vane_Pump/PDF%20Literature/SALES/TB%20Sales-1-ML083-A.pdf|title=TB Vane-Type Single Pump|publisher=Parker Hannifin Corporation|author=Denison Hydraulics|access-date=2012-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212064255/http://www.parker.com/literature/Vane_Pump/PDF%20Literature/SALES/TB%20Sales-1-ML083-A.pdf|archive-date=2014-12-12|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 7&nbsp;kg
| 15&nbsp;lb
| 40.2&nbsp;kW
| 53.9&nbsp;hp
| 5.7&nbsp;kW/kg
| 3.6&nbsp;hp/lb
|
|-
|Rexroth A2FM 16cc/rev, bent axis hydraulic motor (continuous output)
|5.4&nbsp;kg
|11.9&nbsp;lb
|81.8&nbsp;kW
|109.7&nbsp;hp
|15.1&nbsp;kW/kg
|9.21&nbsp;hp/lb
|Concrete mixers, combine harvesters
|-
| Hydroleduc M18, bent axis hydraulic motor (continuous output)<ref name="Hydroleduc">{{cite web |title=M motor (ISO) |url=http://www.hydroleduc.com/en/hydraulic-motors/fixed-displacement/m-motor-iso |website=Hydroleduc |access-date=2020-03-08 |archive-date=2020-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227144948/http://www.hydroleduc.com/en/hydraulic-motors/fixed-displacement/m-motor-iso |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|5.5&nbsp;kg
|12.1&nbsp;lb
|92&nbsp;kW
|123&nbsp;hp
|16.7&nbsp;kW/kg
|10.2&nbsp;hp/lb
|Vehicle transmissions, forestry equipment<!-- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2-Io3kqTEg -->
|}

====Thermoelectric generators and electrothermal actuators====
A variety of effects can be harnessed to produce [[thermoelectricity]], [[thermionic emission]], [[pyroelectricity]] and [[piezoelectricity]]. [[Electrical resistance]] and [[ferromagnetism]] of materials can be harnessed to generate thermoacoustic energy from an electric current.