Editing Pope Gregory X (section)

==Council objectives==
{{main|Second Council of Lyons}}
His main objective as pope was to convene the council, and he had a programme for that council:
*Reconciliation with the Orthodox Church to end the schism between the East and West.<ref>J. M. Hussey, ''The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire'' (Oxford-New York: OUP 2010), Section VIII, parts 1-3.</ref>
*Preparation of a new crusade and donations of a tithe of all churches for it.<ref>Maureen Purcell, ''Papal Crusading Policy, 1244-1291: The Chief Instruments of Papal Crusading Policy and Crusade to the Holy Land from the Final Loss of Jerusalem to the Fall of Acre 1244-1291'' (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1975), especially pp. 135-195. Judith Bronstein, ''The Hospitallers and the Holy Land: Financing the Latin East, 1187-1274'' (Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press 2005), pp. 127-133.</ref>
*Establishment of measures to end abuses in the church.
*Regulation of papal elections through the constitution "Ubi periculum maius".

[[File:2593 Lead alloy Papal Bulla of Gregory X (FindID 253118).jpg|thumb| [[Papal bulla]] of Gregory X]]
The Pope's interests were not doctrinal in nature, but disciplinary.<ref>Norman Tanner, ''Church in Council: Conciliar Movements, Religious Practice and the Papacy'' (New York-London: I.B.Tauris 2011), pp. 24-25. Cf. Edmund J. Fortman, ''The Triune God: A Historical Study of the Doctrine of the Trinity'' (Eugene, Oregon, USA: Wipf and Stock Publishers 1999), p. 229. William Crockett et al., ''Four Views on Hell'' (Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA: Zondervan, 1996), pp. 111-113.</ref>

In connection with the financing of the Crusade, Pope Gregory imposed on all clerics a six-year long tax of 10% of their income. This was a considerable increase in the tax rate, which, on previous occasions had been for three years, at a rate of 5%. 26 permanent tax districts were established, each having a Collector and a Sub-Collector.<ref>Baldwin, ''Pope Gregory X and the Crusades'', p. 4.</ref>

His Constitution with respect to conclaves legislated a number of important points:<ref>These are summarized from the Constitution 'ubi primus', by Franciscus Pagi, ''Breviarium historico-chronologico-criticum illustriora pontificum Romanorum, Conciliorum Generaliorum acta...'' III (Antwerp 1718), pp. 406-408.</ref>
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*that a meeting for the election of a pope should be held at a suitable place, where the Pope and his Curia were residing when the Pope died; if they were at a villa, or a country village, or a town, they should proceed to the nearest city in the diocese (unless it was under an interdict).
*that a meeting for the election of a pope should not take place until the space of at least ten days had intervened;
*that all cardinals who were absent from the Conclave should have no right to cast a vote;
*that not only absent cardinals, but also men of every order and condition, are eligible to be created the Roman pontiff;
*that, at the conclusion of the ''Novendiales'', and the Mass of the Holy Spirit sung on the tenth day, all the cardinals who are present should be enclosed in the palace where the Pope died; along with two or, if they are ill, three or four servants; none may enter or leave, except on account of illness. There should be no interior walls, but each cardinal's quarters should be separated from the rest by cloth drapes, and they should live in common.
*that the place of the conclave and its entries should be carefully guarded;
*that the Cardinals may not leave the Conclave for any reason, until a new pope has been elected;
*that Cardinals who arrive after the enclosing of the Conclave, and before the election of a new pope, have the power to enter the Conclave and vote along with the others, and no Cardinal can be excluded for any reason, not even if he be excommunicated;
*that, if a pope has not been elected in three days, then cardinals are permitted to have only one dish at their meals;
*that, in holding the deliberations, no one is to be put under an anathema, no one is to engage in bribery, or to make any promises, or by going around politicking to promise a cardinal anything once he has been created pope. During the Conclave, the cardinals are to engage in no other business than completing the election;
*that no one can be elected pope without the votes of two-thirds of the Cardinals present in the Conclave;
*that, upon the death of a pope, all magistracies and offices cease and vacate their functions, except for the Major Penitentiary and the Minor Penitentiaries, and the Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church ([[Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church|Camerlengo]]).
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