Editing Politician (section)

== Challenges ==
In this century of advanced communications, politicians face challenges and difficulties while communicating with people through various social media platforms . The implicit importance of social media for politics stems from the virtual space these platforms have created for expressing ideas and spreading mutual messages without restrictions.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Wike |first1=R. |last2=others |date=2022 |title=Social media seen as mostly good for democracy across many nations, but U.S. is a major outlier |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2022/12/06/social-media-seen-as-mostly-good-for-democracy-across-many-nations-but-u-s-is-a-major-outlier/ |website=Pew Research Center}}</ref> Misinformation, rumors, and discrimination complicate their [[Theories of political behavior|political behavior]] and communication with people.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lasser |first1=Jana |last2=Aroyehun |first2=Segun Taofeek |last3=Simchon |first3=Almog |last4=Carrella |first4=Fabio |last5=Garcia |first5=David |last6=Lewandowsky |first6=Stephan |title=Social media sharing of low-quality news sources by political elites |journal=PNAS Nexus |date=September 2022 |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=pgac186 |doi=10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac186 |pmid=36380855 |pmc=7613815 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oskooii |first=K |date=2018 |title="Perceived Discrimination and Political Behavior" |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-political-science/article/abs/perceived-discrimination-and-political-behavior/51F4045DB0690260ECA2A8F6DC6B51D7 |journal=British Journal of Political Science|volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=867–892 |doi=10.1017/S0007123418000133 }}</ref>

Also, [[Political polarization in the United States|Political polarization]] created by the media plays a role in influencing politicians’ behavior and communications, which reinforces negative campaigns. They also play a role in legislative gridlock and negatively impact public perception, which negatively impacts politicians’ interests.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kubin |first1=E. |last2=von Sikorski |first2=C. |date=2021 |title="The role of (social) media in political polarization: a systematic review" |journal=Annals of the International Communication Association |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=188–206 |doi=10.1080/23808985.2021.1976070 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Additionally, research highlighted that politicians, especially populist politicians, may create a challenge for themselves by increasingly accusing the media of spreading misinformation or “fake news.” Such accusations can undermine the credibility of media platforms, even though trust in the accused politicians remains largely unaffected. They will therefore have a negative impact on the credibility of media platforms, and this distrust may extend to the media institutions as a whole that politicians use to communicate with people.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Egelhofer |first1=J |last2=Boyer |first2=M |last3=Lecheler |first3=S |last4=Aaldering |first4=L |date=2022 |title="Populist attitudes and politicians' disinformation accusations: Effects on perceptions of media and politicians" |journal=Journal of Communication|volume=72 |issue=6 |pages=619–632 |doi=10.1093/joc/jqac031 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
[[File:Women in Media and Politics 6030967.jpg|thumb|Presenters at Women in Media and Politics]]
Regarding the challenges of gender dynamics, particularly the role of [[Women in government|women in politics]], some recent research focuses on the life path of women in the political field and the challenges surrounding them. For example, there are studies on the "supermader" model in politics in Latin America, which illustrate the difficulties women face and how to balance their home and work and the distinction between women and men that negatively affects their acceptance in political work.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chaney |first1=Elsa M. |title=Supermadre: Women in Politics in Latin America |date=2014 |publisher=University of Texas Press |isbn=978-0-292-77265-6}}{{page needed|date=September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schwindt-Bayer |first1=Leslie A. |date=July 2006 |title=Still Supermadres? Gender and the Policy Priorities of Latin American Legislators |journal=American Journal of Political Science |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=570–585 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00202.x}}</ref>