Editing Philip the Handsome (section)

===Patronage of the arts===
[[File:Simon Bening - Libro del Toison - El Duque Filipe El Hermoso.jpg|thumb|left|Miniature of Philip in the Statutes of the Golden Fleece. Attributed to [[Simon Bening]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burchard |first1=Ludwig |title=Corpus Rubenianum Ludwig Burchard: The decorations for the Pompa Introitus Ferdinandi |date=1972 |publisher=Arcade Press |pages=81,272 |isbn=9780714814339 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mwTrAAAAMAAJ |access-date=20 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref>]]
Philip was an important patron of [[Hieronymus Bosch]]. In 1504, he commissioned Bosch to paint a large triptych of The Last Judgement. The work cannot be found now, but likely had some relation to the [[The Last Judgment (Bosch triptych)|smaller triptych of the same subject in Vienna]] (painted by the same artist), as the face of the saint on the right outer wing seems to be that of Philip.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Büttner |first1=Nils |title=Hieronymus Bosch: Visions and Nightmares |date=15 June 2016 |publisher=Reaktion Books |isbn=978-1-78023-614-8 |page=41 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t-hZDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA41-IA2 |access-date=22 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

Philip's chapel had some of the most distinguished musicians in Europe: [[Henry Bredemers]], [[Pierre de La Rue]], [[Alexander Agricola]], [[Marbrianus de Orto]] and [[Antoine Divitis]]. [[Josquin Desprez]] sometimes composed for him as well. The contemporary Venetian ambassador wrote home: "Three things [here] are of the highest excellence: silk&nbsp;..., tapestry&nbsp;..., [and] music, which certainly can be said to be perfect."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fenlon |first1=Iain |title=The Renaissance: From the 1470s to the end of the 16th century |date=15 February 1990 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-20536-3 |page=221 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mkavCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA221 |access-date=22 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Perhaps influenced by Maximilian, Philip actively supported instrumental music. There seemed to be a lend-lease arrangement of some kind between the courts of father and son, as the trombonist Augustine Schubinger worked for both Maximilian and Philip. Other outstanding wind players supported by Philip included Hans Nagel
and Jan Van den Winckel.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Polk |first1=Keith |title=Scribes, Patrons, Performers, and Spies: Petrus Alamire and the Instrumentalist Network in Renaissance Flanders |journal=Journal of the Alamire Foundation |date=January 2019 |volume=11 |issue=1–2 |page=130 |doi=10.1484/J.JAF.5.118995|s2cid=212851431 }}</ref>
[[File:A World Chronicle for Philip the Fair cropped.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Fol. 20r in Johannes de Vico's world chronicle (''Chronicon'', around 1495–1498). Cod. 325, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna]]

Philip realized the potential of the printing industry regarding its ability to disseminate information, but when it came to private taste, he had an aversion towards printed books and preferred manuscripts, especially musical manuscripts, which became popular diplomatic gifts under his reign. The chief musical scribe was the priest Martin Bourgeois. The court also employed other scribes and calligraphers. The grandees of the realm also adopted the taste of their sovereign.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Weduwen |first1=Arthur der |last2=Pettegree |first2=Andrew |title=The Library: A Fragile History |date=14 October 2021 |publisher=Profile Books |isbn=978-1-78816-344-6 |page=68 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MGATEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT68 |access-date=22 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Adam |first1=Renaud |last2=Imprimeurs en Brabant et en Flandre au temps de Philippe le Beau |last3=Wijsman |first3=Hanno |title=Books in Transition at the Time of Philip the Fair. Manuscripts and Printed Books in the Late Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century Low Countries |date=2010 |publisher=Brepols |location=Turnhout |isbn=9782503529844 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_sxEAQAAIAAJ|pages=273–285 |access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref>{{sfn|Blockmans|Blockmans|Prevenier|1999|p=229}}{{sfn|Fenlon|1990|pp=221,223}} 

His patronage of manuscripts though could not compare with that of his ancestors [[Philip the Bold]] and [[Philip the Good]], as he died young and manuscript production had declined overall by the end of the fifteenth century. One manuscript produced for him, a world chronicle by Johannes de Vico from Douai (Cod. 325, ''Österreichische Nationalbibliothek'' in Vienna, 660 × 430mm), is unrivalled in comparison with his predecessor's manuscripts though. The layout and content display many unique features. The heraldic program on fol.17v seems to correspond to the situation of the 1498 Treaty of Paris, when Philip sided with the French king and the papacy against his father (who is referred to as emperor in the lineage of Holy Roman Emperors and the inscription that introduces the commissioner, but otherwise appears not in his own right but as the consort of Mary of Burgundy and guardian of Philip; [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick III, Philip's paternal grandfather]], on the other hand, is given a lengthy section; also the book does not mention Philip's Burgundian ancestors or King [[Louis IX of France]], who frequently features in French universal chronicles of the fifteenth century).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nagy |first1=Eszter |title=A World Chronicle for Philip the Fair |journal=Codices Manuscripti & Impressi |date=1 January 2021 |pages=43–64 |url=https://www.academia.edu/50719472 |access-date=31 August 2022}}</ref> 

Philip was a patron to [[Desiderius Erasmus]], who praised him for making peace with France and advised him that after God, a prince's duty was owed first to ''patria'' (the nation) and not to ''pater'' (father, in this case Maximilian).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tracy |first1=James D. |title=Erasmus of the Low Countries |date=1 January 1996 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-08745-3 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvbNbNMP_vcC&pg=PA42 |access-date=3 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref>