Editing Phencyclidine (section)

==Management of intoxication==
Management of PCP intoxication mostly consists of supportive care – controlling breathing, circulation, and body temperature – and, in the early stages, treating psychiatric symptoms.<ref name=eMedicine>{{cite journal |url=http://www.emedicine.com/med/TOPIC1813.HTM |title=Phencyclidine Toxicity |vauthors=Helman RS, Habal R |date=October 6, 2008 |journal=[[eMedicine]]}} Retrieved on November 3, 2008.</ref><ref name=Goldfrank>{{cite book | vauthors = Olmedo R |chapter=Chapter 69: Phencyclidine and ketamine |title=Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies |veditors=Goldfrank LR, Flomenbaum NE, Lewin NA, Howland MA, Hoffman RS, Nelson LS |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] |location=New York |year=2002 |pages=1034–1041 |isbn=978-0-07-136001-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HVYyRsuUEc0C&pg=PA1041}}</ref><ref name=Milhorn>{{cite journal | vauthors = Milhorn HT | title = Diagnosis and management of phencyclidine intoxication | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 43 | issue = 4 | pages = 1293–302 | date = Apr 1991 | pmid = 2008817 }}</ref> [[Benzodiazepine]]s, such as [[lorazepam]], are the [[first-line therapy|drugs of choice]] to control agitation and seizures (when present). [[Typical antipsychotics]] such as [[phenothiazine]]s and [[haloperidol]] have been used to control psychotic symptoms, but may produce many undesirable side effects – such as [[dystonia]] – and their use is therefore no longer preferred; phenothiazines are particularly risky, as they may lower the [[seizure threshold]], worsen [[hyperthermia]], and boost the [[anticholinergic]] effects of PCP.<ref name=eMedicine /><ref name=Goldfrank /> If an antipsychotic is given, [[intramuscular injection|intramuscular]] haloperidol has been recommended.<ref name=Milhorn /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Giannini AJ, Price WA | year = 1985 | title = PCP: Management of acute intoxication | journal = Medical Times | volume = 113 | issue = 9| pages = 43–49 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Giannini AJ, Eighan MS, Loiselle RH, Giannini MC | title = Comparison of haloperidol and chlorpromazine in the treatment of phencyclidine psychosis | journal = Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 24 | issue = 4 | pages = 202–4 | date = Apr 1984 | pmid = 6725621 | doi = 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1984.tb01831.x | s2cid = 42278510 }}</ref>

[[Forced diuresis|Forced acid diuresis]] (with [[ammonium chloride]] or, more safely, [[ascorbic acid]]) may increase the clearance of PCP from the body, and was somewhat controversially recommended in the past as a [[decontamination]] measure.<ref name=eMedicine /><ref name=Goldfrank /><ref name=Milhorn /> However, it is now known that only around 10% of a dose of PCP is removed by the kidneys, which would make increased urinary clearance of little consequence; furthermore, urinary [[acid]]ification is dangerous, as it may induce [[acidosis]] and worsen [[rhabdomyolysis]] (muscle breakdown), a not-unusual manifestation of PCP toxicity.<ref name=eMedicine /><ref name=Goldfrank />