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== Clinical significance == {{Cleanup rewrite|date=April 2024|it focuses on a single aspect of the disease while ignoring other clinical consequences.|section=yes}} === Inadequate nutrition and periodontal disease === Periodontal disease is multifactorial, and nutrition can significantly affect its prognosis. Studies have shown that a healthy and well-balanced diet is crucial to maintaining periodontal health.<ref name=":3" /> Nutritional deficiencies can lead to oral manifestations such as those in scurvy and rickets disease. Different vitamins will play a different role in periodontal health: * Vitamin C: Deficiencies may lead to gingival inflammation and bleeding, subsequently advancing periodontal disease * Vitamin D: Deficiencies may lead to delayed post-surgical healing * Vitamin E: Deficiencies may lead to impaired gingival wound healing * Vitamin K: Deficiencies may lead to gingival bleeding Nutritional supplements of vitamins have also been shown to positively affect healing after periodontal surgery and many of these vitamins can be found in a variety of food that we eat within a regular healthy diet.<ref name=":3" /> Therefore, vitamin intakes (particularly vitamin C) and dietary supplements not only play a role in improving periodontal health, but also influence the rate of bone formation and periodontal regeneration. However, studies supporting the correlation between nutrition and periodontal health are limited, and more long-term research is required to confirm this.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Najeeb |first1=Shariq |last2=Zafar |first2=Muhammad Sohail |last3=Khurshid |first3=Zohaib |last4=Zohaib |first4=Sana |last5=Almas |first5=Khalid |title=The Role of Nutrition in Periodontal Health: An Update |journal=Nutrients |pages=530 |doi=10.3390/nu8090530 |date=30 August 2016|volume=8 |issue=9 |pmid=27589794 |pmc=5037517 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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