Editing Osman I (section)

=== Lineage ===
[[File:Osman I's Geneaology.png|thumb|right|Osman's genealogy according to different Ottoman historians]]
According to Ottoman tradition, Osman's father [[Ertuğrul]] led the Turkic [[Kayı tribe]] west from Central Asia into [[Anatolia]], fleeing the [[Mongols|Mongol]] onslaught. He then pledged allegiance to the [[Sultan]] of the [[Sultanate of Rum|Anatolian Seljuks]], who granted him dominion over the town of [[Söğüt]] on the [[Byzantine]] frontier.<ref name="Shaw-132">Stanford Shaw, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=E9-YfgVZDBkC&pg=PA13 History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey]'' (Cambridge: University Press, 1976), vol. 1 {{isbn|9780521291637}}, p. 13</ref> This connection between Ertuğrul and the Seljuks, however, was largely invented by court chroniclers a century later, and the true origins of the Ottomans thus remain obscure.<ref>{{New Cambridge History of Islam|first=Kate|last=Fleet|volume=2|chapter=The rise of the Ottomans|page=313|quote=The origins of the Ottomans are obscure. According to legend, largely invented later as part of the process of legitimising Ottoman rule and providing the Ottomans with a suitably august past, it was the Saljuq ruler ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn who bestowed rule on the Ottomans.}}</ref> According to the [[Karamanid]] historian Shikari, Osman was a lowborn [[Yörük]] and shepherd.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Yıldırım |first1=Rıza |title=Aleviliğin Doğuşu: Kızılbaş Sufiliğinin Toplumsal ve Siyasal Temelleri 1300–1501 |date=2018 |page=121 |publisher=İletişim Yayınları |isbn=9789750525018 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sJeaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT121 |access-date=20 March 2023 |quote=Şikarî daha da ileriye giderek Osman'ı Selçuklunun bir çobanı olarak ifade eder. (...) Şikarî genellikle Osmanlıları soylu kanından olmamak, sadık olmamak, sözlerini tutmamak gibi şeylerle suçlar. (...) "[Karamanoğlu] Osman'ı bir gedā iken şah eyledi. [Osman] Aslı cinsi yok bir yürükoğlu iken bey oldı.}}</ref>

[[File:Sultan Gazi ʻUthmān Han I - السُلطان الغازي عُثمان خان الأوَّل.png|thumb|left|19th-century depiction of Osman, by [[Konstantin Kapıdağlı]]]]
In terms of proportions, the most popular and classic narration is that Osman is the grandson of [[Suleyman Shah|Süleyman Şah]], who died drowning while crossing the [[Euphrates River]] on horseback. The Turkish historian [[Yılmaz Öztuna]] considers that Osman's grandfather, and Ertuğrul's father, is called [[Gündüz Alp]], saying that it is more likely that Süleyman Şah is a name stuck in Anatolian popular memory, and it actually refers to [[Suleiman ibn Qutulmish|Süleyman bin Qutulmish]] who founded the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm. Öztuna adds that it is possible that Ottoman historians tried forming a connection between the Ottomans and the Seljuks, especially since the Ottomans appeared on the stage of history claiming to be the legitimate successors of the Seljuks. Based on this, Osman's assumed lineage is as follows: ''Osman bin Ertuğrul bin Gündüz Alp bin Kaya Alp bin Gökalp bin Sarquk Alp bin Kayı Alp''.<ref name="Yilmaz2"/> Other researchers agree that the connection between Ertuğrul, Osman, and the Seljuks may have been largely invented by court chroniclers a century later, and the true origins of the Ottomans thus remain obscure.<ref>{{cite book|last=Fleet|first=Kate|title=The New Cambridge History of Islam|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521839570|volume=2: ''The Western Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries''|place=Cambridge|pages=313|chapter=The rise of the Ottomans|quote=The origins of the Ottomans are obscure. According to legend, largely invented later as part of the process of legitimising Ottoman rule and providing the Ottomans with a suitably august past, it was the Saljuq ruler ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn who bestowed rule on the Ottomans.}}</ref> On the other hand, some Ottoman sources indicate further lineage to Osman and the Oghuz Turks, which is closer to myth than reality, saying that these people are descendants of [[Japheth]], son of [[Noah in Islam|Noah]], and that Osman's genealogical tree contains 52 ancestors or more and ends with the Prophet Noah himself. This lineage includes Gökalp and [[Oghuz Khagan|Oghuz Han]] (who is said to be the father of Gökalp), and all the Oghuz Turkic peoples, including the Seljuks.<ref name="Hallak"/>