Editing Orangutan (section)

=== Diet and feeding ===

[[File:Orangutan -Zoologischer Garten Berlin-8a.jpg|thumb|upright=.75|right|alt=Orangutan on a branch eating some leaves|Although orangutans may consume leaves, shoots, and bird eggs, fruit is the most important part of their diet.]]

Orangutans are primarily [[frugivore|fruit-eaters]], which can take up 57–80% of their foraging time. Even during times of scarcity, fruit is 16% of their feeding time. Fruits with soft pulp, [[aril]]s or seed-walls are consumed the most, particularly [[Common fig|fig]]s but also [[drupe]]s and berries.<ref name="RijksenMeijaard1999"/>{{rp|65}} Orangutans are thought to be the sole fruit disperser for some plant species including the [[vine]] species ''[[Strychnos ignatii]]'' which contains the toxic [[alkaloid]] [[strychnine]].<ref>{{cite journal | last = Rijksen | first = H. D.| title = A field study on Sumatran orang utans (''Pongo pygmaeus abelii'', Lesson 1827): Ecology, Behaviour and Conservation | journal = [[The Quarterly Review of Biology]] | volume = 53 | issue = 4 | pages = 493–94|date=December 1978 | doi = 10.1086/410942 | jstor=2826733}}</ref>

Orangutans also include leaves in their diet, which take up 25% of their average foraging time. Leaves are eaten more when fruit is less available, but even during times of fruit abundance, orangutans will eat leaves 11–20% of the time. They appear to depend on the leaf and stem material of ''[[Borassodendron borneensis]]'' during times of low fruit abundance. Other food items consumed by the apes include [[Bark (botany)|bark]], [[honey]], bird eggs, insects and small vertebrates including [[slow loris]]es.<ref name="international1">{{cite journal | last = Galdikas |first = Birute M. F. | title = Orangutan Diet, Range, and Activity at Tanjung Puting, Central Borneo | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 9 | year = 1988 | doi = 10.1007/BF02740195 | pages = 1–35 | issue = 1|s2cid = 40513842 }}</ref><ref name="RijksenMeijaard1999"/>{{rp|65–66}}

In some areas, orangutans may practise [[geophagy]], which involves consuming soil and other earth substances. They will uproot soil from the ground as well as eat [[Termite#Shelter tubes|shelter tubes]] from tree trunks. Orangutans also visit the sides of cliffs or earth depressions for their [[mineral lick]]s. Orangutans may eat soils for their anti-toxic [[kaolin]] minerals, since their diet contains toxic [[tannin]]s and [[phenolic acid]]s.<ref name="RijksenMeijaard1999"/>{{rp|67}}