Editing Nuremberg (section)

===Nuremberg trials===
{{main|Nuremberg trials}}
[[File:Defendants in the dock at nuremberg trials.jpg|thumb|Defendants in the dock at the Nuremberg trials]]
Between 1945 and 1946, German officials involved in [[war crime]]s and crimes against humanity were brought before an international tribunal in the Nuremberg trials. The [[Soviet Union]] had wanted these trials to take place in [[Berlin]]. However, Nuremberg was chosen as the site for the trials for specific reasons:
* The city had been the location of the Nazi Party's Nuremberg rallies and the laws stripping Jews of their citizenship were passed there. There was symbolic value in making it the place of Nazi demise.
* The [[Palace of Justice, Nuremberg|Palace of Justice]] was spacious and largely undamaged (one of the few that had remained largely intact despite [[Strategic bombing during World War II|extensive Allied bombing of Germany]]). The already large courtroom was reasonably easily expanded by the removal of the wall at the end opposite the bench, thereby incorporating the adjoining room. A large prison was also part of the complex.

As a compromise, it was agreed that Berlin would become the permanent seat of the International Military Tribunal and that the first trial (several were planned) would take place in Nuremberg. Due to the [[Cold War]], subsequent trials never took place.

Following the trials, in October 1946, many prominent German Nazi politicians and military leaders were [[Nuremberg executions|executed in Nuremberg]].

The same courtroom in Nuremberg was the venue of the [[Subsequent Nuremberg Trials|Nuremberg Military Tribunals]], organized by the United States as [[Allied-occupied Germany|occupying power]] in the area.

In order to come to terms with the role Nuremberg played during the [[Third Reich]], the city established the [[Nuremberg International Human Rights Award]] in 1995, awarded every two years to individuals or groups defending human rights worldwide.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nuernberg.de/internet/menschenrechte_e/menschenrechtspreis_e.html | title=International Nuremberg Human Rights Award - Human Rights Office of the City of Nuremberg | access-date=26 October 2023 | archive-date=7 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007213847/https://www.nuernberg.de/internet/menschenrechte_e/menschenrechtspreis_e.html | url-status=live }}</ref>