Editing Notre-Dame de Paris (section)

===19th-century restoration===
In the decades after the [[Napoleonic Wars]], Notre-Dame fell into such a state of disrepair that Paris officials considered its demolition. [[Victor Hugo]], who admired the cathedral, wrote the novel ''Notre-Dame de Paris'' (published in English as ''[[The Hunchback of Notre-Dame]]'') in 1831 to save Notre-Dame. The book was an enormous success, raising awareness of the cathedral's decaying state.<ref name="notredamedeparis.fr"/> The same year as Hugo's novel was published, anti-[[Legitimists]] plundered Notre-Dame's [[sacristy]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Limouzin-Lamothe|first=Roger|date=1964|title=La dévastation de Notre-Dame et de l'archevêché de Paris en février 1831|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/rhef_0300-9505_1964_num_50_147_1733|journal=Revue d'histoire de l'Église de France|volume=50|issue=147|pages=125–134|doi=10.3406/rhef.1964.1733|issn=0048-7988|archive-date=15 March 2022|access-date=15 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315075630/https://www.persee.fr/doc/rhef_0300-9505_1964_num_50_147_1733|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1844 King [[Louis Philippe]] ordered that the church be restored.<ref name="notredamedeparis.fr"/>

The architect who had been in charge of Notre-Dame's maintenance, [[Étienne-Hippolyte Godde]], was dismissed. [[Jean-Baptiste Lassus]] and [[Eugène Viollet-le-Duc]], who had distinguished themselves with the restoration of the nearby Sainte-Chapelle, were appointed in 1844. The next year, Viollet-le-Duc submitted a budget of 3,888,500 [[French franc|francs]], which was reduced to 2,650,000 francs, for the restoration of Notre-Dame and the construction of a new sacristy building. This budget was exhausted in 1850, and work stopped as Viollet-le-Duc made proposals for more money. In totality, the restoration cost over 12&nbsp;million francs. Supervising a large team of sculptors, glass makers and other craftsmen, and working from drawings or engravings, Viollet-le-Duc remade or added decorations if he felt they were in the spirit of the original style. One of the latter items was a taller and more ornate [[Flèche (architecture)|flèche]], to replace the original 13th-century flèche, which had been removed in 1786.<ref>Mignon, Olivier, ''Architecture des Cathédrales Gothiques'', (2015), Éditions Ouest-France, (in French), pg. 18.</ref> The decoration of the restoration included a bronze roof statue of [[Thomas the Apostle|Saint Thomas]] that resembles Viollet-le-Duc, as well as the sculpture of mythical creatures on the ''Galerie des Chimères''.<ref name=Chavis/>

The construction of the sacristy was especially financially costly. To secure a firm foundation, it was necessary for Viollet-le-Duc's labourers to dig {{convert|9|m|ft|spell=on}}. Master glassworkers meticulously copied styles of the 13th century, as written about by art historians Antoine Lusson and [[Adolphe Napoléon Didron]].{{sfn|Cabezas|1988|pp=118–20}}

During the [[Paris Commune]] of March through May 1871, the cathedral and other churches were closed, and some two hundred priests and the Archbishop of Paris were taken as hostages. In May, during the [[Semaine sanglante]] of "Bloody Week", as the army recaptured the city, the Communards targeted the cathedral, along with the [[Tuileries Palace]] and other landmarks, for destruction; the Communards piled the furniture together in order to burn the cathedral. The arson was halted when the Communard government realised that the fire would also destroy the neighbouring [[Hôtel-Dieu, Paris|Hôtel-Dieu]] hospital, filled with hundreds of patients.<ref>Lissagaray (1896), p. 338.</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="220">
File:ND de Paris avant 1841.jpg|The western façade of Notre-Dame in 1841, showing the building in an advanced state of disrepair before the major restoration by Viollet-le-Duc
File:Lassus, Viollet-le-Duc - Projet de restauration de Notre-Dame de Paris - page 4.jpg|Proposed doorway decoration by Lassus and Viollet-le-Duc; plate engraved by [[Léon Gaucherel]]
File:Bayard, Hippolyte - Notre-Dame de Paris (2) (Zeno Fotografie).jpg|The southern façade of Notre-Dame at the beginning of the restoration work; photo from 1847 by [[Hippolyte Bayard]]
File:Notre-Dame Spire Model (1859).jpg|Model of the flèche and "forest" of wooden roof beams made for Viollet-le-Duc (1859) (Museum of Historic Monuments, Paris)
</gallery>