Editing Norovirus (section)

===Genome===

Noroviruses contain a linear, non-segmented,<ref name=ViralZone /> [[Sense (molecular biology)|positive-sense]] [[RNA]] [[genome]] of approximately 7.5 [[Megabases|kilobases]], encoding a large polyprotein which is cleaved into six smaller non-structural proteins (NS1/2 to NS7)<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Thorne LG, Goodfellow IG | title = Norovirus gene expression and replication | journal = The Journal of General Virology | volume = 95 | issue = Pt 2 | pages = 278–91 | date = February 2014 | pmid = 24243731 | doi = 10.1099/vir.0.059634-0 | doi-access = free }}</ref> by the viral [[3C-like protease]] (NS6), a major structural protein ([[Major capsid protein VP1|VP1]]) of about 58~60 [[kDa]] and a minor capsid protein ([[Minor capsid protein VP2|VP2]]).<ref name="pmid10804143">{{cite journal | vauthors = Clarke IN, Lambden PR | title = Organization and expression of calicivirus genes | journal = The Journal of Infectious Diseases | volume = 181 | pages = S309-16 | date = May 2000 | issue = Suppl 2 | pmid = 10804143 | doi = 10.1086/315575 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

The most variable region of the viral capsid is the P2 [[Domain (protein)|domain]], which contains [[Antigen presentation|antigen-presenting]] sites and carbohydrate-receptor binding regions.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tan M, Hegde RS, Jiang X | title = The P Domain of Norovirus Capsid Protein Forms Dimer and Binds to Histo-Blood Group Antigen Receptors | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 78 | issue = 12 | pages = 6233–42 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15163716 | pmc = 416535 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.78.12.6233-6242.2004 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tan M, Huang P, Meller J, Zhong W, Farkas T, Jiang X |title=Mutations within the P2 domain of norovirus capsid affect binding to human histo-blood group antigens: evidence for a binding pocket |journal=J. Virol. |volume=77 |issue=23 |pages=12562–71 |year=2003 |pmid=14610179 |pmc=262557 |doi=10.1128/jvi.77.23.12562-12571.2003}} {{cite journal|title=Erratum |journal=J. Virol.  |volume=78 |issue=6 |page=3200 |year=2004|doi=10.1128/JVI.78.6.3201.2004 |author=Tan M|citeseerx=10.1.1.212.5257|s2cid=220476008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Cao S, Lou Z, Tan M, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang XC, Jiang X, Li X, Rao Z | title = Structural Basis for the Recognition of Blood Group Trisaccharides by Norovirus | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 81 | issue = 11 | pages = 5949–57 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17392366 | pmc = 1900264 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.00219-07 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lundborg M, Ali E, Widmalm G | title = An ''in silico'' virtual screening study for the design of norovirus inhibitors: fragment-based molecular docking and binding free energy calculations | journal = Carbohydr. Res. | volume = 378 | pages = 133–8 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23582100 | doi = 10.1016/j.carres.2013.03.012 | s2cid = 9941188 | url = https://su.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:656620/FULLTEXT01.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829153644/https://su.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:656620/FULLTEXT01.pdf |access-date = 2019-06-24 | archive-date = 2021-08-29 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ali ES, Rajapaksha H, Jillian MC, Petrovsky N | title = Norovirus drug candidates that inhibit viral capsid attachment to human histo-blood group antigens | journal = Antiviral Res. | volume = 133 | pages = 14–22 | year = 2016 | pmid = 27421712 | doi = 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.07.006 | pmc=5026924}}</ref>