Editing Narbonne (section)

===Under the Carolingians===
[[File:Narbonne. 3 - Fonds Trutat - 51Fi391.jpg|thumb|right|Narbonne in the late 19th century]]

The [[Carolingian]] [[Pepin the Short]] [[Siege of Narbonne (752–59)|conquered Narbonne]] from the [[Arabs]] in 759 after which it became part of the [[Carolingian]] [[Viscount of Narbonne|Viscounty of Narbonne]]. He invited{{Citation needed|reason=Vague and other reason detailed in the Talk page|date=August 2015}} prominent [[Jews]] from the [[Abbasid Caliphate|Caliphate]] of [[Baghdad]] to settle in Narbonne and establish a major Jewish learning center for [[Western Europe]].<ref>Trigano – The Conventionalism of Social Bonds and the Strategies of Jewish Society in the Thirteenth Century; Byrd – The Jesus Gene: A Messianic Bloodline, the Jews and Freemasonry accessdate=2012-02-16</ref> In the 12th century, the court of [[Ermengarde of Narbonne]] (reigned 1134 to 1192) presided over one of the cultural centers where the spirit of [[courtly love]] was developed.

The historian Arthur J. Zuckerman wrote in 1973 the book ''[[A Jewish Princedom in Feudal France]]'', presenting the thesis that from the 8th to 10 centuries AD there was a Jewish vassal princedom based in Narbonne, given to the Jews by the Carolingian king [[Pepin the Short|Pepin]] as a gift of gratitude for their cooperation in the Frankish conquest of Narbonne from [[Al-Andalus]] in the year [[759]]. This is however controversial, the book having been criticized by other historians.