Editing Montu (section)

=== Armant ===
[[File:Frith, Francis (1822-1898) - Views in Egypt and Nubia - n. 357 - The Temple of Erment.jpg|thumb|180x180px|Ruins of the Temple of Armant in a 19th-century photography.]]
At [[Armant, Egypt|Armant]], the ancient Iuni, there was an impressive Temple of Montu at least since the 11th Dynasty, which may have been native of Armant. King Mentuhotep II is its first known builder, but the original complex was enlarged and embellished during the 12th Dynasty, the less well-known [[Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt|13th Dynasty]] (c. 1803–1649 BC), and later in the New Kingdom (especially under King [[Thutmose III]]).<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AWSGAgAAQBAJ&q=11th+dynasty+armant&pg=PA144|title=Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt|last=Bard|first=Kathryn A.|author-link=Kathryn A. Bard |date=2005-11-03|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134665259|language=en}}</ref> [[Ramesses II]] (1279–1213 BC) and his son [[Merneptah]] (1213–1203 BC) of the [[Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt|19th Dynasty]] added colossi and statues.<ref name=":7" /> It was dismantled, except for a [[Pylon (architecture)|pylon]], in the Late Period (7th/4th century BC) — but a new temple was begun by King [[Nectanebo II]] (360–342 BC), the last native pharaoh of Egypt, and continued by the [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemies]]. In the 1st century BC, [[Cleopatra|Cleopatra VII]] (51–30 BC) built a [[mammisi]] and a sacred lake there in honour of her son, the very young [[Caesarion|Ptolemy XV Caesarion]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/institutions/mammisi.htm|title=The mammisi|website=www.reshafim.org.il|access-date=2018-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415124744/http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/institutions/mammisi.htm|archive-date=2018-04-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> The building remained visible until 1861, when it was demolished to reuse its material in the construction of a sugar factory; however, [[etching]]s, prints and previous studies (for example the Napoleonic ''[[Description de l'Égypte]]'') show its appearance. Only the remains of the pylon of Thutmose III are still visible — in addition to the ruins of two entrances, one of which was built under the 2nd century AD [[Roman emperor]]/Pharaoh [[Antoninus Pius]]. In the large Armant complex, moreover, there was the [[Bucheum]], necropolis of the [[Buchis]] sacred bulls. The first burial of a Buchis in this special necropolis dates back to the reign of Nectanebo II (c. 340 BC), while the final one took place at the time of the Emperor/Pharaoh [[Diocletian]] (c. 300 AD).<ref name=":6" />