Editing Memphis, Egypt (section)

===Legendary history===
The legend recorded by [[Manetho]] was that [[Menes]], the first king to unite the [[Upper and Lower Egypt|Two Lands]], established his capital on the banks of the [[Nile]] by diverting the river with dikes. The Greek historian [[Herodotus]], who tells a similar story, relates that during his visit to the city, the [[Persian Empire|Persians]], at that point the [[suzerainty|suzerains]] of the country, paid particular attention to the condition of these dams so that the city was saved from the [[Flooding of the Nile|annual flooding]].<ref name="herod99">Herodotus, ''The Histories'' (Vol II), § 99</ref> It has been theorised that Menes may have been a mythical king, similar to [[Romulus]] of Rome. Some scholars suggest that Egypt most likely became unified through mutual need, developing cultural ties and trading partnerships, although it is undisputed that the first capital of united Egypt was the city of Memphis.<ref>Manley, Bill (1997). ''The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Egypt''. Penguin Books.</ref> Some Egyptologists had identified the legendary Menes with the historical [[Narmer]], who is represented on the [[Palette of Narmer]] conquering the territory of the Nile Delta in Lower Egypt and establishing himself as king. This palette has been dated to ca. 31st century BC and thus, would correlate with the legend of Egypt's unification by Menes. However, in 2012 an inscription depicting the visit of the predynastic king [[Iry-Hor]] to Memphis was discovered in the Sinai.<ref name="talle"/> Since Iry-Hor predates Narmer by two generations, the latter cannot have been the founder of the city.<ref name="talle"/> Alternatively, [[Epaphus]] (king of Egypt, whose wife was [[Memphis (wife of Epaphus)|Memphis]]<ref>Apollodorus, 2.1.4</ref>) is regarded in the Greek myths as the founder of Memphis, Egypt.<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' 149 & 275</ref>