Editing Mass media in Belarus (section)

=== Print media ===
{{main|List of newspapers in Belarus}}

As of September 2023, 921 printed publications were registered in Belarus.<ref name=president/> The majority of them are printed entirely in Russian,<ref name=languages>{{cite web
| url =https://baj.media/en/mediyaprava/top-belarusian-and-ukrainian-media-use-russian-language-lot-can-they-abandon-it/
| title =Top Belarusian and Ukrainian media use the Russian language a lot – can they abandon it?
| date =2022-10-04
| publisher = BAJ
| access-date =2024-03-17}}</ref> Russian newspapers [[Komsomolskaya Pravda]] (circulation of 203,000) and [[Argumenty i Fakty]] (120,000) are one of the most popular in Belarus.<ref name=belby>{{cite web
| url =https://www.belarus.by/en/about-belarus/mass-media-in-belarus
| title =Mass media in Belarus
| publisher = Belarus.by
| access-date =2024-03-17}}</ref><ref name=usov/> In Belarus, the subscription of the nationwide and regional state-run publications is compulsory for employees of any state institutions, such as schools, universities, offices, etc.<ref name=usov/>

The state-run ''Belarus Segodnya Publishing House'' is a media holding that publishes the five largest circulation newspapers: ''[[Belarus Today|Belarus Segodnya]]'' (circulation of 400,000), ''Respublika'' (published since 1991), ''Selskaya Gazeta'' (1921), ''Znamya Yunosti'' (1938), and ''[[Narodnaya Gazeta]]'' (1990).<ref>{{cite web
| url =https://president.gov.by/en/belarus/society/mass-media/publishing-house-belarus-segodnya
| title =Belarus Segodnya Publishing House 
| publisher =President of the Republic of Belarus 
| access-date =2024-03-08}}</ref><ref name=usov>{{cite web
| url =https://journals.umcs.pl/we/article/download/8832/6125
| title =Characteristics of the Belarusian media system
| last =Usov
| first =Pavel
| date =2018
| publisher =East of Europe, vol. 4
| access-date =2024-03-18}}</ref><ref name=presBelarusSegodnya>{{cite web
| url =https://president.gov.by/en/statebodies/belarus-segodnya-publishing-house
| title =Belarus Segodnya Publishing House | publisher = President of the Republic of Belarus
| access-date =2024-03-17}}</ref>

The state-run ''Zvyazda Publishing House'' was founded in 2012. The list of its publications includes the ''[[Zvyazda]]'' daily (circulation of 20,000), ''LiM'' newspaper, ''Alesya'', ''Polymya'', ''Nyoman'', ''Maladosts'', ''Rodnaya Pryroda'', and ''Vozhyk'' magazines.<ref>{{cite web
| url =https://president.gov.by/en/belarus/society/mass-media/publishing-house-zvyazda
| title =Zvyazda Publishing House
| publisher =President of the Republic of Belarus
| access-date =2024-03-08}}</ref><ref name=usov/>

Among other state-controlled newspapers there are [[Holas Radzimy]], [[Vo Slavu Rodiny]], [[Zhodzinskiya Naviny]], [[Vecherniy Brest]], BelTA's ''7 dnej'' (circulation of 40,000), etc.<ref name=usov/> 

Many popular independent publications were closed by the authorities, including several that were truly independent: [[Belorusskaya Delovaya Gazeta]], [[Belorusy i rynok]], [[Hazeta Slonimskaya]], [[Narodnaja Volya (newspaper)|Narodnaja Volya]].<ref>{{cite web
| url =https://humanrightshouse.org/articles/closure-of-independent-daily-narodnaya-volya/
| title =Closure of independent daily Narodnaya Volya
| date =2005-10-18
| publisher =Human Rights Watch
| access-date =2024-03-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url =https://rsf.org/en/supreme-court-ruling-threatens-survival-newspaper
| title =Supreme court ruling threatens survival of newspaper
| date =2004-06-02
| publisher =Reporters Without Borders
| access-date =2024-03-09}}</ref><ref name=usov/> Though even in 2018, before the infamous [[2020 Belarusian presidential election|2020 elections]] and subsequent crackdown of all independent media, the circulation of these newspapers hardly reached 8000.<ref name=usov/> Between 2020 and 2023, numerous newspapers were declared extremist: [[Novy Chas]], Rehianalnaya Gazeta ("Regional Newspaper"), [[Nasha Niva]], Intex-Press.<ref name=ipi/><ref name=osce2023/><ref name=ipimedia/>