Editing Magnoliaceae (section)

=== Modern Systematics Research (20th-21st century) ===
Dandy's taxonomic proposal in 1927 sets aside the genus ''Liriodendron'' as a part of the subfamily Liriodendreae and includes Bentham and Hooker's four genera in addition to four more (''Kmeria, Pachylarnax, Alcimandra'', and ''Elmerrillia'') within the Magnolieae tribe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dandy |first=J. E. |date=1927 |title=The Genera of Magnolieae |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4107601 |journal=Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens, Kew) |volume=1927 |issue=7 |pages=257–264 |doi=10.2307/4107601 |jstor=4107601 |issn=0366-4457}}</ref> Dandy's model with eleven genera was widely accepted until molecular evidence brought it into question (Figlar, 2019).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Magnolia Classification Information |url=https://www.magnoliasociety.org/ClassificationArticle |access-date=2024-01-04 |website=www.magnoliasociety.org}}</ref> Qiu et al. analyzed molecular data in 1995 to investigate the divergences within and between East Asian and East North American species of ''Magnolia'', presenting molecular evidence which shows that Dandy's section ''Rytidospermum'' is not monophyletic.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Qiu |first1=Yin-Long |last2=Parks |first2=Clifford R. |last3=Chase |first3=Mark W. |date=December 1995 |title=Molecular divergence in the eastern Asia– eastern North America disjunct section ''Rytidospermum'' of ''Magnolia'' (Magnoliaceae) |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1995.tb13862.x |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=82 |issue=12 |pages=1589–1598 |doi=10.1002/j.1537-2197.1995.tb13862.x |issn=0002-9122}}</ref> Azuma et al. employ both molecular phylogeny and parsimonious mapping of the chemistry of floral scents in 1999 to propose a phylogenetic tree where, unlike Dandy's taxonomy, they include ''Michelia'' species within the ''Magnolia'' genus as a sister group to the subgenus ''Yulania'' and also find that the section ''Rytidospermum'' is not monophyletic, placing some of its members in a clade with the section ''Oyama''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Azuma |first1=Hiroshi |last2=Thien |first2=Leonard B |last3=Kawano |first3=Shoichi |date=September 1999 |title=Molecular Phylogeny of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) Inferred from cpDNA Sequences and Evolutionary Divergence of the Floral Scents |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00013885 |journal=Journal of Plant Research |volume=112 |issue=3 |pages=291–306 |doi=10.1007/pl00013885 |bibcode=1999JPlR..112..291A |s2cid=206862607 |issn=0918-9440}}</ref>

The most recent research on the family continues the debate over the genera of the family. Wang et al.'s study analyzes complete chloroplast genome sequences of 86 species in the Magnoliaceae and supports a phylogeny with fifteen major clades, two subfamilies, two genera, and fifteen sections, maintaining ''Magnolia'''s classification as one monophyletic genus.<ref name="dx.doi.org">{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Yu-Bing |last2=Liu |first2=Bin-Bin |last3=Nie |first3=Ze-Long |last4=Chen |first4=Hong-Feng |last5=Chen |first5=Fa-Ju |last6=Figlar |first6=Richard B. |last7=Wen |first7=Jun |date=2020-05-25 |title=Major clades and a revised classification of ''Magnolia'' and Magnoliaceae based on whole plastid genome sequences via genome skimming |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jse.12588 |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=58 |issue=5 |pages=673–695 |doi=10.1111/jse.12588 |issn=1674-4918}}</ref> Dong et al. also place ''Magnolia'' as the sole genus of the subfamily Magnolioideae made up of fifteen sections.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dong |first1=Shan-Shan |last2=Wang |first2=Ya-Ling |last3=Xia |first3=Nian-He |last4=Liu |first4=Yang |last5=Liu |first5=Min |last6=Lian |first6=Lian |last7=Li |first7=Na |last8=Li |first8=Ling-Fei |last9=Lang |first9=Xiao-An |last10=Gong |first10=Yi-Qing |last11=Chen |first11=Lu |last12=Wu |first12=Ernest |last13=Zhang |first13=Shou-Zhou |date=2021-04-08 |title=Plastid and nuclear phylogenomic incongruences and biogeographic implications of ''Magnolia'' s.l. (Magnoliaceae) |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jse.12727 |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=60 |issue=1 |pages=1–15 |doi=10.1111/jse.12727 |s2cid=234277919 |issn=1674-4918}}</ref> However, Yang et al. and Zhao et al. work with phylogenies of the Magnoliaceae that recognize several genera in the Magnolioideae.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Lin |last2=Tian |first2=Jinhong |last3=Xu |first3=Liu |last4=Zhao |first4=Xueli |last5=Song |first5=Yuyang |last6=Wang |first6=Dawei |date=2022-08-28 |title=Comparative Chloroplast Genomes of Six Magnoliaceae Species Provide New Insights into Intergeneric Relationships and Phylogeny |journal=Biology |volume=11 |issue=9 |pages=1279 |doi=10.3390/biology11091279 |doi-access=free |pmid=36138758 |pmc=9495354 |issn=2079-7737}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Jianyun |last2=Chen |first2=Hu |last3=Li |first3=Gaiping |last4=Jumaturti |first4=Maimaiti Aisha |last5=Yao |first5=Xiaomin |last6=Hu |first6=Ying |date=2023-11-16 |title=Phylogenetics Study to Compare Chloroplast Genomes in Four Magnoliaceae Species |journal=Current Issues in Molecular Biology |volume=45 |issue=11 |pages=9234–9251 |doi=10.3390/cimb45110578 |doi-access=free |pmid=37998755 |pmc=10670740 |issn=1467-3045}}</ref>