Editing Los Angeles (section)

===Post-Conquest era===
{{See also|Victorian Downtown Los Angeles|Los Angeles in the 1920s}}
[[File:Treaty of Cahuenga.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|The [[Treaty of Cahuenga]], signed in 1847 by Californio [[Andrés Pico]] and American [[John C. Frémont]], ended the U.S. [[Conquest of California]].]]
[[History of Los Angeles#Railroads|Railroads arrived]] with the completion of the transcontinental [[Southern Pacific Railroad|Southern Pacific]] line from [[New Orleans]] to Los Angeles in 1876 and the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway|Santa Fe Railroad]] in 1885.<ref name="Mulholland2002">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iP575do7D48C|title=William Mulholland and the Rise of Los Angeles|last=Mulholland|first=Catherine|publisher=University of California Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-520-23466-6|page=15|access-date=September 30, 2011|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106163850/https://books.google.com/books?id=iP575do7D48C|url-status=live}}</ref> Petroleum was discovered in the city and surrounding area in 1892, and by 1923, the discoveries had helped [[California]] become the country's largest oil producer, accounting for about one-quarter of the world's petroleum output.<ref name="Kipen2011">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aezmS52IavcC&pg=PA45|title=Los Angeles in the 1930s: The WPA Guide to the City of Angels|last=Kipen|first=David|publisher=University of California Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-520-26883-8|pages=45–46|access-date=September 30, 2011|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106164352/https://books.google.com/books?id=aezmS52IavcC&pg=PA45#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>

By 1900, the population had grown to more than 102,000,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab13.txt|title=Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places: 1900|date=June 15, 1998|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 8, 2015|archive-date=February 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215201930/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab13.txt|url-status=live}}</ref> putting pressure on the city's [[water supply]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.american.edu/ted/mono.htm|title=The Los Angeles Aqueduct and the Owens and Mono Lakes (MONO Case)|publisher=[[American University]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109051618/http://www1.american.edu/ted/mono.htm|archive-date=January 9, 2015|url-status=dead|access-date=January 8, 2015}}</ref> The completion of the [[Los Angeles Aqueduct]] in 1913, under the supervision of [[William Mulholland]], ensured the continued growth of the city.<ref name="Reisner1993">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Akn6rUgR_eEC|title=Cadillac desert: the American West and its disappearing water|last=Reisner|first=Marc|publisher=Penguin|year=1993|isbn=978-0-14-017824-1|page=86|author-link=Marc Reisner|access-date=September 30, 2011|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106164352/https://books.google.com/books?id=Akn6rUgR_eEC|url-status=live}}</ref> Because of clauses in the city's charter that prevented the City of Los Angeles from selling or providing water from the aqueduct to any area outside its borders, many adjacent cities and communities felt compelled to join Los Angeles.<ref name="LAgrowth">{{citation|last=Basiago|first=Andrew D.|publisher=The Regents of the University of California|title=Water For Los Angeles&nbsp;– Sam Nelson Interview|url=http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft0v19n64m&doc.view=entire_text|date=February 7, 1988|at=11|access-date=October 7, 2013|archive-date=August 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804164559/http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft0v19n64m&doc.view=entire_text|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite map|publisher=City of Los Angeles Bureau of Engineering|title=Annexation and Detachment Map|url=http://navigatela.lacity.org/common/mapgallery/pdf/annex34x44.pdf|access-date=March 1, 2017|archive-date=March 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301193923/http://navigatela.lacity.org/common/mapgallery/pdf/annex34x44.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="FinalReport">{{cite news|url=http://www.lamag.com/citythink/citythinkblog/2013/09/25/citydig-las-20th-century-land-grab|title=CityDig: L.A.'s 20th Century Land Grab|author1-link=Glen Creason|last=Creason|first=Glen|newspaper=Lamag - Culture, Food, Fashion, News & Los Angeles|date=September 26, 2013|publisher=Los Angeles Magazine|access-date=October 10, 2013|archive-date=September 29, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929000119/http://www.lamag.com/citythink/citythinkblog/2013/09/25/citydig-las-20th-century-land-grab|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Paramount Pictures studio gate, c. 1940 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|In the early 20th century, [[Major film studios|Hollywood studios]], like [[Paramount Pictures]], helped transform [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]] into the world capital of film and helped solidify LA as a global economic hub.]]
Los Angeles created the first municipal [[zoning]] ordinance in the United States. On September 14, 1908, the [[Los Angeles City Council, 1889–1909|Los Angeles City Council]] promulgated residential and industrial land use zones. The new ordinance established three residential zones of a single type, where industrial uses were prohibited. The proscriptions included barns, lumber yards, and any industrial land use employing machine-powered equipment. These laws were enforced against industrial properties after the fact. These prohibitions were in addition to existing activities that were already regulated as nuisances. These included explosives warehousing, gas works, oil drilling, slaughterhouses, and [[Tannery|tanneries]]. Los Angeles City Council also designated seven industrial zones within the city. However, between 1908 and 1915, the Los Angeles City Council created various exceptions to the broad proscriptions that applied to these three residential zones, and as a consequence, some industrial uses emerged within them. There are two differences between the 1908 Residence District Ordinance and later zoning laws in the United States. First, the 1908 laws did not establish a comprehensive zoning map as the [[Zoning in the United States#Origins and history|1916 New York City Zoning Ordinance]] did. Second, the residential zones did not distinguish types of housing; they treated apartments, hotels, and detached-single-family housing equally.<ref name="weiss80">{{cite book|title=The Rise of the Community Builders: The American Real Estate Industry and Urban Land Planning|author=Weiss, Marc A|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1987|isbn=978-0-231-06505-4|location=New York|pages=80{{endash}}86}}</ref>

In 1910, Hollywood merged into Los Angeles, with 10 movie companies already operating in the city at the time. By 1921, more than 80 percent of the world's film industry was concentrated in L.A.<ref name="Buntin2010">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y6ZlIkYXjiMC&pg=PA18|title=L.A. Noir: The Struggle for the Soul of America's Most Seductive City|last=Buntin|first=John|date=April 6, 2010|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-0-307-35208-8|page=18|access-date=September 30, 2011|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106164353/https://books.google.com/books?id=y6ZlIkYXjiMC&pg=PA18#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The money generated by the industry kept the city insulated from much of the economic loss suffered by the rest of the country during the [[Great Depression in the United States|Great Depression]].<ref name="YoungYoung2007">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QYYMqXUyjnUC&pg=PA21|title=The Great Depression in America: a cultural encyclopedia|last1=Young|first1=William H.|last2=Young|first2=Nancy K.|date=March 2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33521-1|page=21|access-date=September 30, 2011|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106164353/https://books.google.com/books?id=QYYMqXUyjnUC&pg=PA21|url-status=live}}</ref>
<!-- i'm leaving out the bit about the aviation industry arriving in the 1920s pending further research, as the part about the movies turned out to be somewhat inaccurate; and it was all unsourced anyway.-->
By 1930, the population surpassed one million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab16.txt|title=Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places: 1930|date=June 15, 1998|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 8, 2015|archive-date=April 28, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428231105/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab16.txt|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1932, the city hosted the [[1932 Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics]].