Editing List of presidents of Brazil (section)

==Fourth Republic (1946–1964)==
{{Main|Fourth Brazilian Republic}}
In 1945, Vargas was deposed by a military coup led by ex-supporters. Nevertheless, he would be elected president once again and his influence in Brazilian politics would remain until the end of the Fourth republic. In this period, three parties dominated the national politics. Two were pro-Vargas – in the left, [[Brazilian Labour Party (historical)|PTB]] and in the centre-right, PSD – and another anti-Vargas, the rightist UDN.

This period was very unstable. In 1954, Vargas committed suicide during a crisis that threatened his government and he was followed by a series of short-term presidents. In 1961, UDN won national elections for the first time, supporting Jânio Quadros, who himself was a member of a minor party allied to UDN. Quadros, who, before his election, rose meteorically in politics with an anti-corruption stance, unexpectedly resigned the presidency seven months later. Some historians suggest that Quadros was heavily drunk when he signed his resignation letter, while others suggest that Quadros felt that Congress would not accept his vice-president as president, and would ask for his return. Those historians, therefore, see Quadros' resignation as an attempt to return to office with increased powers and more political support. It is possible that both occurred: Quadros was drunk when he resigned, and in that state, he devised the plan to return to power by Congressional request. The plot failed: Congress simply received Quadros' letter, and amid the shock of politicians and of the Nation, the letter was entered into the records of Congress and the presidency was declared vacant. The president of Congress, Senator Auro de Moura Andrade, took the view that the deed of resignation was the province of the elected president, that it was not subject to a congressional vote, needing no confirmation, and that the president's declaration of resignation was final.

At that time, the president and vice president of Brazil were voted into office separately. The vice president was a political enemy of Jânio Quadros, the leftist João Goulart. Goulart was out of the country, and Congress was controlled by right wing politicians. During Goulart's absence, the president of the Chamber of deputies, Ranieri Mazzilli, took office as acting president of Brazil. There was then a plot to block the inauguration of the vice president as president, but Congressional resistance to the inauguration of Goulart led to a reaction by the governor of Rio Grande do Sul, who led a "[[Campanha da Legalidade|legality campaign]]", and to a split in the military (that, during the fourth Republic, intervened heavily in politics). Amid the political crisis, the solution was the adoption by Congress of a Constitutional Amendment abolishing the presidential executive and replacing it with a parliamentary system of government. Under that negotiated solution, Goulart's inauguration was allowed to proceed, but Goulart would be head of state only, and a prime minister approved by Congress would lead the government. The new system of government's continued existence was subject to popular approval in a referendum scheduled for 1963. The result of this referendum restored the presidential executive and a military coup deposed Goulart in 1964, starting the military dictatorship.

;Political parties
{{legend|{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)}}|[[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|Social Democratic Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{Party color|Brazilian Labour Party (1945)}}|[[Brazilian Labour Party (1945)|Brazilian Labour Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|#533E40|[[Social Progressive Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{Party color|National Labour Party (Brazil)}}|[[National Labour Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|National Labour Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{| class="wikitable sticky-header" style=text-align:center;
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! rowspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan="2" | Name<br>{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}
! rowspan="2" | Elected{{efn|name=election|Years in italics denote indirect elections.}}
! colspan="3" | Term of office{{Sfnmp|1a1=Arquivo Nacional}}
! rowspan="2" | Political party{{efn|name=party|Reflects the president's political party at the start of their presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted.}}
! rowspan="2" | Vice President
|-
! Took office
! Left office
!Time in office
|-
! [[Presidency of Eurico Gaspar Dutra|16]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)}}" |
| [[File:GASPARDUTRA (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px|alt=Presidential portrait of Eurico Gaspar Dutra]]
| [[Eurico Gaspar Dutra|Eurico Dutra]]<br>{{Small|(1883–1974)}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Malin (b)}}
| [[1945 Brazilian general election|1945]]
| 31 January 1946
| 31 January 1951
|5 years
| [[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|PSD]]
| ''Vacant&nbsp;until<br />19 September 1946''
----
[[Nereu Ramos]]{{efn|Elected as vice president via an indirect election, following the promulgation of the [[Brazilian Constitution of 1946|Constitution of 1946]].{{Sfnmp|Malin (c)}}}}
|-
! [[Second presidency of Getúlio Vargas|17]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Brazilian Labour Party (1945)}}" |
| [[File:17_-_Getúlio_Dorneles_Vargas_1951.jpg|100px|alt=Second presidential portrait of Getúlio Vargas]]
| [[Getúlio Vargas]]<br>{{Small|(1882–1954)}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Cachapuz}}
| [[1950 Brazilian general election|1950]]
| 31 January 1951
| 24 August 1954{{efn|name=death}}
|{{Age in years and days|1951|1|31|1954|8|24}}
| [[Brazilian Labour Party (1945)|PTB]]
| [[Café Filho]]
|-
! 18
| style="background-color:#533E40" |
| [[File:Café_Filho.jpg|100px|alt=Presidential portrait of Café Filho]]
| [[Café Filho]]<br>{{Small|(1899–1970)}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Keller}}
| —
| 24 August 1954{{efn|Café Filho succeeded to the presidency upon the [[Getúlio Vargas#Death|death]] of Getúlio Vargas.}}
| 8 November 1955{{efn|name=health|Removed from office due to health issues.}}
|{{Age in years and days|1954|8|24|1955|11|8}}
| [[Social Progressive Party|PSP]]
| ''Vacant&nbsp;throughout<br />presidency''
|-
! 19
| style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)}}" |
| [[File:CarlosLuz.jpg|100px|alt=Photograph of Carlos Luz]]
| [[Carlos Luz]]<br>{{Small|(1894–1961)}}<br>{{small|''Acting''}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Biblioteca da Presidência da República (c)}}
| —
| 8 November 1955{{efn|Abiding by the presidential line of succession, Carlos Luz, President of the Chamber of Deputies, succeeded to the presidency upon the removal of Café Filho.}}
| 11 November 1955{{efn|name=impeachment|[[Impeachment|Impeached]].}}
|{{Age in years and days|1955|11|8|1955|11|11}}
| [[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|PSD]]
| ''Vacant&nbsp;throughout<br />presidency''
|-
! 20
| style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)}}" |
| [[File:Presidente Nereu Ramos (cropped 3).jpg|100px|alt=Presidential portrait of Nereu Ramos]]
| [[Nereu Ramos]]<br>{{Small|(1888–1958)}}<br>{{small|''Acting''}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Malin (c)}}
| —
| 11 November 1955{{efn|Abiding by the presidential line of succession, Nereu Ramos, President of the Senate, succeeded to the presidency upon the [[Impeachment of Carlos Luz|removal]] of Carlos Luz.}}
| 31 January 1956
|{{Age in years and days|1955|11|11|1956|1|31}}
| [[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|PSD]]
| ''Vacant&nbsp;throughout<br />presidency''
|-
! [[Presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek|21]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)}}" |
| [[File:Juscelino (cropped).jpg|100px|alt=Presidential portrait of Juscelino Kubitschek]]
| [[Juscelino Kubitschek]]<br>{{Small|(1902–1976)}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Pantoja}}
| [[1955 Brazilian presidential election|1955]]
| 31 January 1956
| 31 January 1961
|5 years
| [[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|PSD]]
| rowspan="2" | [[João Goulart]]
|-
! 22
| style="background-color:{{party color|National Labour Party (Brazil)}}" |
| [[File:Janio_Quadros.png|100px|alt=Presidential portrait of Jânio Quadros]]
| [[Jânio Quadros]]<br>{{Small|(1917–1992)}}<br>{{Sfnmp|1a1=Mayer|1a2=Xavier}}
| [[1960 Brazilian presidential election|1960]]
| 31 January 1961
| 25 August 1961{{efn|name=resign}}
|{{Age in years and days|1961|1|31|1961|8|25}}
| [[National Labour Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|PTN]]
|-
! 23
| style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)}}" |
| [[File:Ranieri_Mazzilli_(1961).jpg|100px|alt=Photograph of Ranieri Mazzilli]]
| [[Ranieri Mazzilli]]<br>{{Small|(1910–1975)}}<br>{{small|''Acting''}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Calicchio}}
| {{emdash}}
| 25 August 1961{{efn|Ranieri Mazzilli held the presidency until the return of João Goulart to Brazil.}}
| 7 September 1961
|{{Age in years and days|1961|8|25|1961|9|7}}
| [[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–1965)|PSD]]
| ''Vacant&nbsp;throughout<br />presidency''
|-
! 24 
| style="background-color:{{party color|Brazilian Labour Party (1945)}}" |
| [[File: João Goulart 1964.jpg|100px|alt=Presidential portrait of João Goulart]]
| [[João Goulart]]<br>{{small|(1919–1976)}}<br>{{Sfnmp|Ferreira (b)}}
| {{emdash}}
| 7 September 1961{{efn|João Goulart succeeded to the presidency upon the resignation of Jânio Quadros.}}
| 2 April 1964{{efn|Deposed by the [[1964 Brazilian coup d'état|1964 coup d'état]].}} 
|{{Age in years and days|1961|9|7|1964|4|2}}
| [[Brazilian Labour Party (1945)|PTB]]
| ''Vacant&nbsp;throughout<br />presidency''
|}