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===South Africa=== From 1850 to 1910, [[Zulu people|Zulu]] men took on the task of laundering the clothes of Europeans, both Boers and British. "Laundering recalled the specialist craft of hide-dressing in which Zulu males engaged as izinyanga, a prestige occupation that paid handsomely." They created a guild structure, similar to a union, to guard their conditions and wages, evolving into "one, if not indeed the most, powerful group of African work-men in nineteenth-century Natal".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Atkins |first1=Keletso E. |title=Origins of the AmaWasha: the Zulu Washermen's Guild in Natal, 1850β1910* |journal=The Journal of African History |date=1986 |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=41β57 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700029194 |s2cid=162355451 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/abs/origins-of-the-amawasha-the-zulu-washermens-guild-in-natal-18501910/EA8C013C41F180165C46E7B5AB381626 |access-date=26 April 2021 |language=en |issn=1469-5138}}</ref>
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