Editing Lake Tanganyika (section)

===Other fish===
[[File:Lamprichthys tanganicanus.JPG|thumb|The [[Tanganyika killifish]] (''Lamprichthys tanganicanus'') is the only member of its genus<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Lamprichthys | month = March| year = 2017}}</ref>]]
Lake Tanganyika is home to more than 80 species of non-cichlid fish and about 60% of these are endemic.<ref name=Wright2006/><ref name=LTBP/><ref name=Brown2011>{{cite journal |last1=Brown |last2=Britz |last3=Bills |last4=Rüber |last5=Day |year=2011 |title=Pectoral fin loss in the Mastacembelidae: a new species from Lake Tanganyika |journal=Journal of Zoology |volume=284 |issue=4 |pages=286–293 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00804.x}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wright |first1=J.J. |last2=Bailey |first2=R.M. |year=2012 |title=Systematic revision of the formerly monotypic genus Tanganikallabes (Siluriformes: Clariidae) |url=https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91200/1/j.1096-3642.2011.00789.x.pdf |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=165 |issue=1 |pages=121–142 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00789.x |doi-access=free}}</ref>

The open waters of the pelagic zone are dominated by four non-cichlid species: Two species of "Tanganyika sardine" (''[[Limnothrissa miodon]]'' and ''[[Stolothrissa tanganicae]]'') form the largest [[biomass]] of fish in this zone, and they are important prey for the [[forktail lates]] (''Lates microlepis'') and [[sleek lates]] (''L. stappersii'').<ref name=Lindqvist1999/> Two additional lates are found in the lake, the [[Tanganyika lates]] (''L. angustifrons'') and [[bigeye lates]] (''L. mariae''), but both these are primarily benthic hunters, although they also may move into open waters.<ref name=Lindqvist1999/> The four lates, all endemic to Tanganyika, have been overfished and larger individuals are rare today.<ref name=Lindqvist1999/>

Among the more unusual fish in the lake are the endemic, [[Facultative parasite|facultatively]] [[brood parasitic]] "cuckoo catfish", including at least ''[[Synodontis grandiops]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Synodontis grandiops • Mochokidae |date=2020 |url=https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?species_id=710 |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=www.planetcatfish.com |language=en-gb |archive-date=1 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232617/https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?species_id=710 |url-status=live }}</ref> and ''[[Synodontis multipunctatus|S. multipunctatus]]''.<ref name=Wright2006/><ref name=Schliewen1992/> A number of others are very similar (e.g., ''[[Synodontis lucipinnis|S. lucipinnis]]'' and ''[[Synodontis petricola|S. petricola]]'') and have often been confused; it is unclear if they have a similar behavior.<ref name=Wright2006/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Synodontis lucipinnis • Mochokidae |date=2023 |url=https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?task=&species_id=103 |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=www.planetcatfish.com |language=en-gb |archive-date=1 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232507/https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?task=&species_id=103 |url-status=live }}{{pb}}{{Cite web |title=Synodontis petricola • Mochokidae |date=2023 |url=https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?task=&species_id=857 |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=www.planetcatfish.com |language=en-gb |archive-date=1 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232823/https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?task=&species_id=857 |url-status=live }}</ref> The facultative brood parasites often lay their eggs synchronously with mouthbroding cichlids. The cichlid pick up the eggs in their mouth as if they were their own. Once the catfish eggs hatch the young eat the cichlid eggs.<ref name=Wright2006/><ref name=Schliewen1992/> Six catfish genera are entirely restricted to the lake basin: ''[[Bathybagrus]]'', ''[[Dinotopterus]]'', ''[[Lophiobagrus]]'', ''[[Phyllonemus]]'', ''[[Pseudotanganikallabes]]'' and ''[[Tanganikallabes]]''.<ref name=FishbaseList>{{Cite web |title=Species in the Tanganyika |url=https://www.fishbase.se/TrophicEco/FishEcoList.php?ve_code=4 |access-date=2023-03-11 |type=table |website=www.fishbase.se |archive-date=11 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311162720/https://www.fishbase.se/TrophicEco/FishEcoList.php?ve_code=4 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Wright, J.J. |year=2017 |title=A new diminutive genus and species of catfish from Lake Tanganyika (Siluriformes: Clariidae) |journal=J Fish Biol |doi=10.1111/jfb.13374 |volume=91 |issue=3 |pages=789–805 |pmid=28744868|bibcode=2017JFBio..91..789W }}</ref> Although not endemic on a genus level, six species of ''[[Chrysichthys]]'' catfish are only found in the Tanganyika basin where they live both in shallow and relatively deep waters;<ref name=FishbaseList/> in the latter habitat they are the primary predators and scavengers.<ref name=McConnell1987/> A unique [[evolutionary radiation]] in the lake is the 15 species of ''[[Mastacembelus]]'' spiny eels, all but one endemic to its basin.<ref name=Brown2011/><ref name=Brown2010>{{cite journal |last1=Brown |last2=Rüber |last3=Bills |last4=Day |year=2010 |title=Mastacembelid eels support Lake Tanganyika as an evolutionary hotspot of diversification |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=10 |page=188 |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-10-188 |pmid=20565906 |pmc=2903574 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Although other African Great Lakes have ''Synodontis'' catfish, endemic catfish genera and ''Mastacembelus'' spiny eels, the relatively high diversity is unique to Tanganyika, which likely is related to its old age.<ref name=Brown2010/>

Among the non-endemic fish, some are widespread African species but several are only shared with the Malagarasi and Congo River basins, such as the [[Congo bichir]] (''Polypterus congicus''), [[goliath tigerfish]] (''Hydrocynus goliath''), ''[[Citharinus]] citharus'', [[six-banded distichodus]] (''Distichodus sexfasciatus'') and [[mbu puffer]] (''Tetraodon mbu'').<ref name=FishbaseList/>