Editing Kaohsiung (section)

===Japanese rule===
{{main|Takao Prefecture}}
[[File:Kaohsiung Station and the city 2017-10-30.jpg|thumb|[[Kaohsiung Vision Museum|Old Kaohsiung Train Station]], built during Japanese rule of Taiwan]]
In 1895, Taiwan was ceded to [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] as part of the [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]]. Administrative control of the city was moved from New Fongshan Castle to the Fongshan Sub-District of {{nihongo||臺南廳|Tainan Chō}}. In November 1901, twenty ''chō'' were established in total; {{nihongo4||鳳山廳|Hōzan Chō}} was established nearby. In 1909, Hōzan Chō was abolished, and Takow was merged into Tainan Chō.

In 1920, during the tenure of 8th Governor-General [[Den Kenjirō]], districts were abolished in favor of prefectures. Thus the city was administered as {{nihongo4|Takao City|高雄市|Takao-shi}} under [[Takao Prefecture]].

The Japanese developed Takao, especially the harbor that became the foundation of Kaohsiung to be a port city. Takao was then systematically modernized and connected to the end of [[West Coast line (Taiwan)|North-South Railway]]. Forming a north–south regional economic corridor from Taipei to Kaohsiung in the 1930s, Japan's Southward Policy set Kaohsiung to become an industrial center.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://taiwaninsight.org/2019/02/09/taiwans-cultural-plurality-and-immigration-policy/ |title=Taiwan's Cultural Plurality and Immigration Policy |last1=Lin |first1=Ji-ping |date=2019-02-09 |website=Taiwan Insight |language=en |access-date=2020-02-26 |archive-date=26 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226195149/https://taiwaninsight.org/2019/02/09/taiwans-cultural-plurality-and-immigration-policy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Port of Kaohsiung|Kaohsiung Harbor]] was also developed starting from 1894. The city center was relocated several times during the period due to the government's development strategy.<ref>{{cite web |website=Welcome to Kaohsiung City |url=http://www.kcg.gov.tw/EN/CP.aspx?n=9A2970292D8243CC&s=BD218B3E5B7A05C8 |title=Discover Kaohsiung > History |year=2013 |access-date=2 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703172959/http://www.kcg.gov.tw/EN/CP.aspx?n=9A2970292D8243CC&s=BD218B3E5B7A05C8 |archive-date=3 July 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Development was initially centered on ''Ki-au'' ({{zh|c=[[:zh:旗後|旗後]]|poj=Kî-āu}}) region but the government began laying railways, upgrading the harbor, and passing new urban plans. New industries such as refinery, machinery, shipbuilding and cementing were also introduced.

Before and during [[World War II]] it handled a growing share of Taiwan's agricultural exports to Japan, and was also a major base for Japan's campaigns in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Extremely ambitious plans for the construction of a massive modern port were drawn up. Toward the end of the war, the Japanese promoted some industrial development at Kaohsiung, establishing an aluminum industry based on the abundant [[Hydroelectricity|hydroelectric power]] produced by the [[Sun Moon Lake]] project in the mountains.

The city was heavily bombed by [[Task Force 38]] and [[Far East Air Force (United States)|FEAF]] during World War II between 1944 and 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-12 |title=US bombing of Taiwan and Han's ignorance - Taipei Times |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2019/11/12/2003725674 |access-date=2021-02-09 |website=www.taipeitimes.com |archive-date=12 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212234122/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2019/11/12/2003725674 |url-status=live }}</ref>