Editing Kansai dialect (section)

=== Pitch accent ===
{{See also|Japanese pitch accent}}
[[File:Japanese pitch accent map-ja.png|thumb|300px|Map of Japanese pitch accents. The Kyoto-Osaka type accent is used in the orange area while the Tokyo type accent is used in the blue area.]]
The [[Pitch-accent language|pitch accent]] in Kansai dialect is very different from the standard Tokyo accent, so non-Kansai Japanese can recognize Kansai people easily from that alone. The Kansai pitch accent is called the Kyoto-Osaka type accent ([[:ja:京阪式アクセント|京阪式アクセント]], ''Keihan-shiki akusento'') in technical terms. It is used in most of Kansai, [[Shikoku]] and parts of western [[Chūbu region]]. The Tokyo accent distinguishes words only by [[downstep (phonetics)|downstep]], but the Kansai accent distinguishes words also by initial tones, so Kansai dialect has more pitch patterns than standard Japanese. In the Tokyo accent, the pitch between first and second [[mora (linguistics)|mora]]e usually changes, but in the Kansai accent, it does not always.

Below is a list of simplified Kansai accent patterns. H represents a high pitch and L represents a low pitch.
# {{nihongo|High-initial accent|高起式|kōki-shiki}} or {{nihongo|Flat-straight accent|平進式|Heishin-shiki}}
#* The high pitch appears on the first mora and the others are low: H-L, H-L-L, H-L-L-L, etc.
#* The high pitch continues for the set mora and the rest are low: H-H-L, H-H-L-L, H-H-H-L, ''etc.''
#* The high pitch continues to the last: H-H, H-H-H, H-H-H-H, ''etc.''
# {{nihongo|Low-initial accent|低起式|teiki-shiki}} or {{nihongo|Ascent accent|上昇式|Jōshō-shiki}}
#* The pitch rises drastically on the middle set mora and falls again: L-H-L, L-H-L-L, L-L-H-L, ''etc.''
#* The pitch rises drastically on the last mora: L-L-H, L-L-L-H, L-L-L-L-H, ''etc.''
#** If high-initial accent words or particles attach to the end of the word, all morae are low: L-L-L(-H), L-L-L-L(-H), L-L-L-L-L(-H)
#* With two-mora words, there are two accent patterns. Both of these tend to be realized in recent years as L-H, L-H(-L).<ref>NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute (1998). {{nihongo|NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典||NHK Nihongo Hatsuon Akusento Jiten}}. pp149-150. {{ISBN|978-4-14-011112-3}}</ref>
#** The second mora rises and falls quickly. If words or particles attach to the end of the word, the fall is sometimes not realized: L-HL, L-HL(-L) or L-H(-L)
#** The second mora does not fall. If high-initial words or particles attach to the end of the word, both morae are low: L-H, L-L(-H)

{| class="wikitable" align="center" cellpadding="7" style="clear:both;"
|-align="center"
!!!!!Kansai!!Tokyo!!English
|-
!rowspan=3|hashi
|{{wt|ja|橋}}
|H-L
|L-H(-L)
|bridge
|-
|{{wt|ja|箸}}
|L-H
|H-L
|chopsticks
|-
|{{wt|ja|端}}
|H-H
|L-H(-H)
|edge
|-
!Nihon
|{{wt|ja|日本}}
|H-L-L
|L-H-L
|Japan
|-
!nihon
|{{wt|ja|二本}}
|L-L-H
|H-L-L
|2-[[Japanese counter word|''hon'']]
|-
!konnichi wa
|{{wt|ja|今日は}}
|L-H-L-L-H
|L-H-H-H-H
|good afternoon
|-
!arigatō
|{{wt|ja|ありがとう}}
|L-L-L-H-L
|L-H-L-L-L
|thanks
|}