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====Wanyan origin==== There is no dated evidence of the Jurchens before the time of [[Wugunai]] (1021-74), when the Jurchens began to coalesce into a nation-like federation. According to tradition passed down via oral transmission, Wugunai was the 6th generation descendant of [[Hanpu]], the founder of the Wanyan clan, who therefore must have lived around the year 900.{{sfn|Franke|1994|p=219-220}} Hanpu originally came from the [[Heishui Mohe]] tribe of Balhae. According to the ''[[History of Jin]]'', when he came to the Wanyan tribe, it was for the repayment of a murder and a form of compensation. He had two brothers, one who stayed in [[Goryeo]] and the other in [[Balhae]] when he left. By the time he arrived and settled among the Wanyan, he was already 60 years old and accepted as a "wise man". He succeeded in settling a dispute between two families without resorting to violence, and as a reward, was betrothed to a worthy unmarried maiden also 60 years old. The marriage was blessed with the gift of a dark ox, which was revered in Jurchen culture, and from this union came one daughter and three sons. With this, Hanpu became the chief of the Wanyan and his descendants became formal members of the Wanyan clan.{{sfn|Kim|2011b|p=173}}{{sfn|Franke|1990|p=414-415}}{{sfn|Mote|1999|p=212-213}} Because Hanpu arrived from Goryeo, some South Korean scholars have claimed that Hanpu hailed from Goryeo. According to Alexander Kim, this cannot be easily identified as him being Korean because many Balhae people lived in Goryeo at that time. Later when [[Wanyan Aguda|Aguda]] appealed to the Balhae people in the [[Liao dynasty]] for support by emphasizing their common origin, he only mentioned those who descended from the "seven Wuji tribes", which the Goguryeo people were not a part of. It seems by that point, the Jurchens saw only the [[Mohe people|Mohe]] tribes as a related people.{{sfn|Kim|2011b|p=173}} Some western scholars consider the origin of Hanpu to be legendary in nature. Herbert Franke described the narrative provided in the ''History of Jin'' as an "ancestral legend" with a historical basis in that the Wanyan clan had absorbed immigrants from Goryeo and Balhae during the 10th century.{{sfn|Franke|1990|p=414-415}} [[Frederick W. Mote]] described it as a "tribal legend" that may have born the tribe's memories. The two brothers remaining in Goryeo and Balhae may represent ancestral ties to those two peoples while Hanpu's marriage may represent the tribe's transformation from a matrilineal to patrilineal society.{{sfn|Mote|1999|p=212-213}}
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