Editing Johannesburg (section)

===Twenty-first century===
[[File:Watching South Africa & Mexico match at World Cup 2010-06-11 in Soweto 7.jpg|left|thumb|Fans of [[South Africa national soccer team]] watching the [[2010 FIFA World Cup]] with [[vuvuzela]]s in the [[Township (South Africa)|township]] of [[Soweto]], a [[Suburbs of Johannesburg|suburb of Johannesburg]].]]

The end of apartheid saw the administrative unification of Johannesburg's apartheid-era city proper with surrounding townships and settlements into the [[City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality]]. However, the spatial legacy of apartheid has proven difficult to overcome and Johannesburg remains among the most unequal cities in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |last=SHLC |date=2023-01-23 |title=City Report: Neighbourhood Characteristics and Inequality in the City of Johannesburg |url=https://centreforsustainablecities.ac.uk/research/city-report-neighbourhood-characteristics-and-inequality-in-the-city-of-johannesburg/ |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=Centre for Sustainable, Healthy and Learning Cities and Neighbourhoods |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2025, Johannesburg remained the world's fifth most dangerous city by crime rate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crime Index by City 2025 |url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings.jsp?title=2025 |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.numbeo.com}}</ref> Attempts to revive Johannesburg's [[Johannesburg CBD|CBD]], most notably in the Maboneng District, have failed to halt the rising crime rate and infrastructure deterioration in the inner city.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06 |title=Johannesburg revival: South Africans bringing hope to one of world's most dangerous cities |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy081kq89yko |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-14 |title=Focus - In South Africa, poor governance leads to collapse of Johannesburg's infrastructure |url=https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/focus/20250214-in-south-africa-poor-governance-leads-to-collapse-of-johannesburg-s-infrastructure |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> Abandoned buildings in the city's [[Hillbrow]] district have been increasingly captured by gangs and on 31 August 2023, at least 76 people died when a hijacked [[2023 Johannesburg building fire|building caught fire]] in Johannesburg.<ref>{{cite news |title=Inside a 'hijacked' South African building |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-66757878 |work=BBC News}}</ref> In March 2025, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa launched a rescue plan to address the city's "rapidly declining infrastructure".<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Cyril Ramaphosa: Opening remarks at meeting between National Executive and the Johannesburg Executive Council {{!}} South African Government |url=https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/president-cyril-ramaphosa-opening-remarks-meeting-between-national-executive-and |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.gov.za}}</ref>

Since 1994, Johannesburg has further seen increased incidents of [[Xenophobic violence in South Africa|xenophobic violence]] against migrants from other African countries. On 12 May 2008, a series of riots started in the township of [[Alexandra, South Africa|Alexandra]], in the north-eastern part of Johannesburg, when locals attacked migrants from [[Mozambique]], Malawi and [[Zimbabwe]], killing two people and injuring 40 others. These riots sparked the nationwide [[May 2008 South Africa riots|xenophobic attacks of 2008]], which saw 60 more killings and widespread destruction of immigrant properties.<ref name="bbc">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7396868.stm |title=South African mob kills migrants |publisher=BBC |access-date=19 May 2008 |date=12 May 2008 |archive-date=13 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313001302/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7396868.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[2015 South African xenophobic riots|2015]] and [[2019 Johannesburg riots]] similarly displayed outbreaks of mass violence against migrants.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kharsany |first=Safeeyah |title=Uneasy calm in Johannesburg after anti-immigrant riots |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/4/19/uneasy-calm-in-johannesburg-after-anti-immigrant-riots |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-09-02 |title=Dozens arrested in South Africa as looting rocks Johannesburg |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-49550429 |access-date=2025-03-23 |language=en-GB}}</ref> 

Modern Johannesburg has hosted a number of international summits and sport events. The [[2010 FIFA World Cup]] [[FIFA World Cup Final|final]] took place at [[FNB Stadium]], the largest stadium in Africa, while the World Cup closing ceremony on the next day saw the final public appearance of Nelson Mandela.<ref>{{cite web |title=FNB Stadium (Soccer City) – Johannesburg – The Stadium Guide |url=https://www.stadiumguide.com/fnbstadium/ |language=nl |date=2 March 2015 |access-date=30 May 2023 |archive-date=30 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530200948/https://www.stadiumguide.com/fnbstadium/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-12-06 |title=Nelson Mandela, South Africa's anti-apartheid icon, dies aged 95 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/nelson-mandela/9013168/Nelson-Mandela-dies-aged-95.html |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=The Telegraph |language=en}}</ref> In 2015, Johannesburg hosted the [[African Union]] Summit, which sparked international outrage as South Africa aided the arrival and escape of [[Omar al-Bashir]] despite an international [[arrest warrant]] for [[War crime|war crimes]] by the [[International Criminal Court]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The real problem behind South Africa’s refusal to arrest al-Bashir |url=https://issafrica.org/iss-today/the-real-problem-behind-south-africas-refusal-to-arrest-al-bashir |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=ISS Africa |language=en}}</ref> In 2018, Johannesburg hosted the [[10th BRICS summit|10th BRICS Summit]] and in 2023 the [[15th BRICS summit]].<ref>{{cite web |title=15th BRICS Summit: Johannesburg II Declaration |url=https://mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/37030/15th+BRICS+Summit+Johannesburg+II+Declaration |website=mea.gov.in }}</ref> The 2025 [[2025 G20 Johannesburg Summit|G20 Johannesburg Summit]] will see heads of state and government convene for the first [[G20]] Presidency of an African country.