Editing Isle of Wight (section)

===Early medieval period===
[[File:IOW-738404 Early-Medieval (Anglo-Saxon) Pin (FindID 482515).jpg|thumb|right|upright|An [[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo-Saxon]] copper-alloy pin, dating from {{circa|700|900}}, found on the island in 2012<ref>{{cite web |url= https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/482515 |title= Finds record for: IOW-2A1571 |author= Basford, F |access-date=29 August 2022 |publisher= The Portable Antiquities Scheme}}</ref>]]
There are indications that the island had vast trading links, with a port at [[Bouldnor Cliff|Bouldnor]],<ref name="Smith et al. 2015">{{cite journal|last1=Smith|display-authors=etal|first1=Oliver|title=Sedimentary DNA from a submerged site reveals wheat in the British Isles 8000 years ago|journal=Science|date=27 February 2015|volume=347|issue=6225|pages=998–1001|doi=10.1126/science.1261278|pmid=25722413|bibcode=2015Sci...347..998S|hdl=10454/9405|s2cid=1167101|url=https://bradscholars.brad.ac.uk/bitstream/10454/9405/1/Science_DNA.pdf|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Cunliffe 2008">{{cite book|last1=Cunliffe|first1=Barry |title=A Companion to Roman Britain: Britain and the continent: networks of interaction |publisher=John Wiley & Sons|date=2008|pages=1–11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPfZCqRytugC&q=Cotentin+Peninsula+trade+Isle+of+Wight|isbn=9780470998854 }}</ref><ref name="Balter 2015">{{cite web|last1=Balter|first1=Michael|title=DNA recovered from underwater British site may rewrite history of farming in Europe|url=https://www.science.org/content/article/dna-recovered-underwater-british-site-may-rewrite-history-farming-europe|publisher=Science|access-date=17 March 2015|date=26 February 2015}}</ref> evidence of Bronze Age tin trading,<ref name="Hawkes 1984">{{cite journal|last1=Hawkes|first1=C.&nbsp;F.&nbsp;C.|title=Ictis disentangled, and the British tin trade|journal=Oxford Journal of Archaeology|date=July 1984|volume=3|issue=2|pages=211–233|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230323962|access-date=16 March 2015|doi=10.1111/j.1468-0092.1984.tb00327.x}}</ref> and finds of [[Late Iron Age]] coins.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Isle of Wight Ingot Hoard|url=http://www.artfund.org/what-we-do/art-weve-helped-buy/artwork/9645/the-isle-of-wight-ingot-hoard|publisher=The Art Fund|access-date=24 November 2013|archive-date=2 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223307/http://www.artfund.org/what-we-do/art-weve-helped-buy/artwork/9645/the-isle-of-wight-ingot-hoard|url-status=dead}}</ref> Starting in AD 449, the 5th and 6th centuries saw groups of [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]-speaking peoples from Northern Europe crossing the English Channel and gradually set about conquering the region.<ref name="McMahon">{{cite web|last1=McMahon|first1=Rob|title=Why Populations|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258343375|website=McMahon|access-date=28 January 2018}}</ref>

During the [[Early Middle Ages]], the island was settled by [[Jutes]] as the [[Anglo-Saxon paganism|heathen]] kingdom of the [[Wihtwara]]. In [[Asser]]’s [[Life of King Alfred|''Life of Alfred'']], he states that the [[List of monarchs of Wessex|West Saxon kings]] [[Cerdic]] and [[Cynric]] granted lordship of Wight to two brothers, Stuf and Wihtgar, said to be of Jutish and [[Goths|Gothic]] origin and cousins of Cynric. The brothers then set about exterminating the native [[Celtic Britons|Britons]], either killing them or driving them into exile.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Asser's Life of King Alfred, by Albert S. Cook—A Project Gutenberg eBook |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/63384/63384-h/63384-h.htm |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=www.gutenberg.org}}</ref> According to [[Bede]], in 685, Wight was invaded by King [[Cædwalla of Wessex|Cædwalla]] of [[Wessex]], who attempted to violently replace the Jutish inhabitants with his own followers. In 686, the native King [[Arwald]] was killed in battle, and the island became the last part of English lands to be [[Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England|converted to Christianity]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mainlesson.com/display.php?author=church&book=english&story=christian|title=The English Accept Christianity|website=The Story of England|first=Samuel B.|last=Harding}}</ref>

It suffered especially from [[Vikings|Viking]] raids<ref>{{cite book|title=The Anglo Saxon Chronicle|date=1116|url=http://www.hampshire-history.com/king-alfreds-navy}}</ref> and was often used as a winter base by Viking raiders when they could not reach Normandy.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.h2g2.com/edited_entry/A599691 | title=Anglo-Saxon Isle of Wight: 900 – 1066 AD | date=2012 | access-date=30 November 2016}}</ref> Later, both [[Tostig Godwinson|Earl Tostig]] and his brother [[Harold Godwinson]] (who became King Harold II) held manors on the island.<ref name="british-history.ac.uk1912">{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=42066|title=Victoria County History|date=1912|publisher=British History Online, University of London & History of Parliament Trust|access-date=30 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hants/vol5/pp156-170#h3-0021| title=Victoria County History|date=1912|publisher=British History Online, University of London & History of Parliament Trust|access-date=30 November 2016}}</ref>