Editing Ishi (section)

==Possible multi-ethnicity==
[[Image:Ishi 1914.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Ishi with [[Fire drill (tool)|fire drill]], 1914, Parnassus Heights]]

Steven Shackley of UC Berkeley learned in 1994 of a paper by Jerald Johnson, who noted morphological evidence that Ishi's facial features and height were more typical of the [[Wintu]] and [[Maidu]]. He theorized that under pressure of diminishing populations, members of groups that were once enemies had intermarried to survive. Johnson also referred to oral histories of the Wintu and Maidu that told of the tribes' intermarrying with the Yahi.<ref name="Shackley"/> The theory is still debated, and this remains unresolved.

In 1996, Shackley announced work based on a study of Ishi's [[projectile point]]s and those of the northern tribes. He had found that points made by Ishi were not typical of those recovered from historical Yahi sites. Because Ishi's production was more typical of points of the [[Nomlaki]] or Wintu tribes, and markedly dissimilar to those of Yahi, Shackley suggested that Ishi had been of mixed ancestry, and related to and raised among members of another of the tribes.<ref name="Shackley">{{cite web |last1=Kell |first1=Gretchen |title=NEWS RELEASE: Ishi apparently wasn't the last Yahi, according to new evidence from Steven Shackley, UC Berkeley research archaeologist |url=https://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/releases.96/14310.html |website=Public Information Office |publisher=[[University of California, Berkeley]] |access-date=11 February 2021 |date=1996-02-05 |quote=Arrowpoints made in the historic Yahi sites excavated by the Department of Anthropology in the  1950s and housed at the museum are quite different from Ishi's products," said Shackley. "But tools and arrowpoints made at historic Nomlaki or Wintu sites also housed at the museum bear striking resemblance to those made by Ishi. |archive-date=July 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729173657/https://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/releases.96/14310.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He based his conclusion on a study of the points made by Ishi, compared to others held by the museum from the Yahi, Nomlaki and Wintu cultures.

Among Ishi's techniques was the use of what is known as an Ishi stick, used to run long pressure flakes.<ref name="Hunter">{{cite web |url=https://arf.berkeley.edu/archaeology-news/arf-newsletter-1996-v3-2 |title=Some Inferences For Hunter-Gatherer Style and Ethnicity |publisher=Arf.berkeley.edu |access-date=2013-08-11 |archive-date=July 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721132716/https://arf.berkeley.edu/archaeology-news/arf-newsletter-1996-v3-2 |url-status=live }}</ref> This is known to be a traditional technique of the Nomlaki and Wintu tribes. Shackley suggests that Ishi learned the skill directly from a male relative of one of those tribes. These people lived in small bands, close to the Yahi. They were historically competitors with and enemies of the Yahi.<ref name="Hunter"/>